Ikuphi ukuxhumana phakathi kokholo nomnotho?

Isiqubulo saseMelika esithi “In God We Trust” singafundwa kuyo yonke imali yase-US. Isiqubulo sikazwelonke saseCanada, I-Mari Usque Ad Mare (“Ukusuka Olwandle Kuya Olwandle”), kunemvelaphi yako yenkolo—IHubo 72:8 : “Iyakubusa kusukela elwandle kuze kube-selwandle, kusukela emfuleni kuze kube-semikhawulweni yomhlaba”. Inkolo nemali kubonakala kuhambisana.

Kodwa kuze kube nini? Ngezikhathi zobunzima bezomnotho, ingabe ukholo olungokwenkolo yilo abantu abaphendukela kulo ukuze babhekane nalo?

Ngokusobala akunjalo.

Ama-athikili avela Ekuwohlokeni Okukhulu Komnotho ahlanganisa izihloko zezindaba ezinjengokuthi “Akukho Ukujaha Kwama-Pews” kanye “Akukho Kuthuthukiswa Kwabakhona Ebandleni Phakathi Nenhlekelele Yomnotho”. Inhlolovo eyodwa ye-Gallup eyathathwa ngoDisemba 2008 ayitholanga mehluko ekuhambeleni kwezenkolo phakathi kwalowo nyaka nangaphambili, yathi “alukho nhlobo ushintsho”.

Yiqiniso, kuyinkimbinkimbi kunalokho. Inkolo yomuntu, okungukuthi, umsebenzi wenkolo, ukuzinikela, kanye nenkolelo, kungaphansi kwezici eziningi zenhlalo-nengqondo.Naphezu kwalokho okushiwo izinhlolo-vo, imiphumela ingahlukahluka.Yini ke ngenkolo eshintshayo lapho izinto zibheda?

Ukushintsha kwezenkolo noma endaweni?

Nakuba kungase kube yiqiniso ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwenyuka okucatshangelwayo kwabasontayo phakathi kwezinselele zomnotho akubonisi izimiso zezwe ngokwesilinganiso, kukhona ukuguquguquka. Ocwaningweni olunesihloko esithi “Ukuthandazela Ukuwohloka Komnotho: Umjikelezo Webhizinisi kanye Nenkolo YamaProthestani e-United States”, uDavid Beckworth, uprofesa osizayo wezomnotho e-Texas State University, uthole okuthakazelisayo.

Ucwaningo lwakhe lwabonisa ukuthi amabandla evangeli akhula kuyilapho amasonto amakhulu ebona ukwehla kwababekhona ngezikhathi zokwehla komnotho. Izingqapheli zenkolo zingase zishintshe indawo yazo yokukhulekela ukuze zifune izintshumayelo zenduduzo nokholo ezikhathini ezingazinzile, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ukushumayela ivangeli kuheha abasha ngokuphelele.

Inkolo iseyibhizinisi. Ukuncintisana kuyenyuka lapho ibhodwe lemali yomnikelo liphansi. Lapho isidingo sokunethezeka ngokwenkolo sikhuphuka, labo abanomkhiqizo okhangayo badonsa izixuku ezinkulu. Abanye abaqiniseki ngalokhu, nokho.

U-Nigel Farndale weTelegraph kubika ngo-December 2008 ukuthi amasonto e-United Kingdom ayebona ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwabantu njengoba kusondela uKhisimusi. Wabeka iphuzu lokuthi, ezikhathini zokuwohloka komnotho, izindinganiso nezinto eziza kuqala ziyashintsha: “Khuluma nababhishobhi, abapristi nama-Vicars futhi uthola umqondo wokuthi amapuleti e-tectonic ayashintsha; ukuthi isimo sezwe siyashintsha; ukuthi sifulathela ukuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo okuyize kweminyaka yamuva futhi siphakamisela izinhliziyo zethu endaweni ephakeme, endizeni kamoya…Amasonto ayizindawo eziduduzayo ezikhathini ezinzima”.

Noma ngabe lokhu bekuyiqiniso futhi izikhathi ezimbi ngempela zidonsele abantu abaningi emasontweni, kungase kuthiwe kungenxa yomoya waleso sikhathi, hhayi ukushintsha isikhathi eside ekuziphatheni. Ukwenyuka kwezenkolo kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana, umzamo wokuvimba izehlakalo zempilo ezimbi.

Vuka abakhona kodwa kuze kube nini?

Akubona ubunzima bezimali kuphela obungakhuthaza ukwanda kokuziphatha kwabantu abafuna inkolo. Noma iyiphi inkinga enkulu ingabangela ukugijimela ezihlalweni. Ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kwangoSepthemba 11, 2011 kwabona ukwanda okukhulu kwabasontayo. Kodwa ngisho nalokho kukhula kwenani labantu ababekhona kwaba ukufiphala kwe-radar okwaphumela ekwenyukeni kwesikhashana nje. Nakuba ukuhlasela kwamaphekula kwabhidliza ukuzinza nokunethezeka kwempilo yaseMelika, kwabangela ukwanda kwababekhona nokuthengiswa kweBhayibheli, lokho akuzange kuqhubeke.

UGeorge Barna, umcwaningi wemakethe wezinkolelo zenkolo, waphawula okulandelayo ngeyakhe iqembu locwaningo: "Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlasela, izigidi zabantu baseMelika abasonta ngegama noma ngokuvamile abangenalo inkolo zazifuna ngabomvu okuthile okwakuyobuyisela ukuzinza nomuzwa wenjongo yokuphila. Ngenhlanhla, abaningi babo baphendukela esontweni. Ngeshwa, bambalwa kubo ababhekana nanoma yini eyayenele ngokwanele ukuba bangene esontweni. ezishintsha impilo ukuze ubambe ukunaka kwabo nokwethembeka kwabo”.

Ukucutshungulwa kwe izinkundla zezenkolo eziku-inthanethi wembula ukukhathazeka okufanayo. Omunye osontayo waphawula lokhu okulandelayo phakathi ne-Great Recession: “Ngiye ngabona ukwehla okukhulu kwababekhona emibuthanweni yami futhi umnotho omubi awuzange usize ngempela. Ngike ngizibuze. Ngicabanga ukuthi sidinga ngempela ukuhlola ubuKristu beBhayibheli nokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba ukukhanya kulo mhlaba. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngaphezu kwakho konke okudingeka sizibuze ukuthi sishumayela ‘izindaba ezinhle’ yini.”

Omunye wayekhathazekile ngokuthi amasonto ayengakwazi ukuletha induduzo kulabo ababeyifuna; “Kungenzeka yini ukuthi bonke labo bantu ababegcwele emasontweni ngemva kuka-9/11 bathola ukuthi amasonto amaningi awanazo izimpendulo zangempela zemibuzo yabo? Mhlawumbe bayakukhumbula lokho futhi baphendukela kwenye indawo kulokhu. ”

Inkolo iyisikhungo esiyisisekelo esingaphendukela kuso ngezikhathi zobunzima lapho abantu befuna ukulalelwa, ukududuzwa, nokuphelezelwa. Kalula nje, inkolo isebenza njengendlela yokufinyelela esiphethweni kulabo abangewona ochwepheshe abavamile. Isebenza kwabanye hhayi kwabanye. Kodwa yini eyenza abanye abantu baye esontweni?

Ukungavikeleki, hhayi imfundo, kuqhuba inkolo

Ingabe yilabo abampofu, abangafundile abafuna uNkulunkulu noma kukhona okwengeziwe? Kubonakala sengathi ukungaqiniseki ngekusasa, esikhundleni sokuphumelela ekuphileni kubangela inkolo.

Ucwaningo ngochwepheshe bezokuhlalisana kwabantu abangamaDashi, uStijnRuiter, umcwaningi omkhulu e-Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, kanye noFrank van Tubergen, uprofesa wase-Utrecht, benza ukuxhumana okuthakazelisa kakhulu phakathi kokuya esontweni nokungalingani kwezenhlalo-mnotho.

Bathole ukuthi, nakuba abantu abangenamakhono aphansi bethambekele ekukhonzeni kakhulu, abakhuthele kakhulu kunozakwabo abafundile abagxile kakhulu kwezombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho ezinhlelweni zonxiwankulu kukhulisa ukusonta. “Emazweni anokungalingani okukhulu kwezenhlalo-mnotho, abacebile bavame ukuya esontweni ngoba nabo bangalahlekelwa yikho konke kusasa”. Ezifundeni zezenhlalakahle, inani labaya emasontweni liye lehla njengoba uhulumeni enikeza izakhamuzi zakhe ingubo yokulala.

Ukungaqiniseki kukhuthaza ukusonta lapho ingekho inetha yokuphepha. Ngezikhathi zobunzima, lowo mphumela uyakhula; inkolo iwumthombo onokwethenjelwa wokubuyela emuva njengendlela yokubhekana nesimo, kodwa ikakhulukazi kulabo asebekholwa kakade. Abantu abavele bathande inkolo ngoba kuyenzeka izinto ezimbi ezimpilweni zabo.

Inkolo njengokusekela

Mayelana nokufuna ukunakekelwa, kuhle kakhulu ukubheka inkolo njengesikhungo, kodwa njengendlela yokweseka. Labo ababhekene nezigameko ezimbi zempilo bangasebenzisa inkolo njengebambela ukuze bavimbele, isibonelo, ukwehla kwezimali. Ukuya esontweni nokukhuleka kubonisa imiphumela yokwehlisa umoya.

Ucwaningo olulodwa ibika ukuthi “umphumela wokuntuleka kwemisebenzi kwabenkolo uyingxenye yomphumela wako kwabangewona owenkolo”. Labo abathanda inkolo kakade sebenokusekelwa okuzakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze babuyele emuva lapho izikhathi ziba nzima. Imiphakathi yokholo isebenza njengezibani zethemba futhi inikeza imfudumalo yomphakathi kanye nenduduzo kulabo abaswele.

Nakuba abantu bengagxili enkolweni ezikhathini zokuwohloka komnotho, umthelela ongase ube nawo inkolo ekhonweni lomuntu lokubhekana nobunzima usebenza njengesifundo esinamandla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu ubheka kanjani inkolo ngempilo, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nesistimu yokusekela ukuze kuvikelwe amashwa.