Inhloso entsha eya e-Europa - Kungani ososayensi bekholelwa ukuthi asodwa

Umhlaba ubonakala uyisibonelo sokukhulisa ukuphila. Inezilwandle ezinkulu, eziseduze ngokwanele nelanga ukuze kuvinjwe lezo zilwandle emakhazeni, isimo somoya wokungenisa izihambi kanye nenani elikhulu labantu libonisa impumelelo yalo. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphila kungase kuchume emaplanethini njengawethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi be-NASA balindele ukuthola impilo yangaphandle phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili ezayo esifundeni esibonakala singathandeki: izinyanga ezineqhwa ze-Jupiter. 

I-Jupiter inezinyanga ezine ezinkulu: i-Io, i-Europa, i-Ganymede, ne-Callisto. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kungase kube khona amanzi kuzo zonke izinyanga ezine, futhi ngoMashi 2015 basebenzisa i-Hubble Telescope ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi i-Ganymede inezimpawu zokukhukhula ebusweni bayo. Ngisho nalolu lwazi olusha olujabulisayo, i-Europa njengamanje isihloko esishisayo phakathi kwezazi zezinkanyezi. 

Ngenxa yamagiza asendaweni ye-Europa kanye nokuphazamiseka okukubangelayo endaweni kazibuthe ye-Jupiter, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona lonke ulwandle ngaphansi koqweqwe lwenyanga . Kukholelwa kakhulu ukuthi isithako esibalulekile empilweni amanzi awuketshezi, futhi kuvela ukuthi i-Europa ingase ikhiqize ukushisa okwanele ukuze igcine ulwandle lwayo ukuba lungabandi. I-Europa izungeza i-Jupiter nge-elliptical orbit, okusho ukuthi ibanga layo ukusuka emhlabeni liyahlukahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba inyanga izungeza iplanethi, amandla i-Jupiter ayashintshashintsha. Ukungqubuzana nokushintsha komumo ngenxa yamandla ahlukahlukene kukhipha amandla amaningi futhi, njengoba i-paperclip ingase ifudumale njengoba uyigoba iya phambili naphambili, i-Europa iqala ukushisa. Lokhu kunyakaza, kuhlanganiswe nemisebenzi okusolekayo yentaba-mlilo kanye nokushisa okuvela enkabeni, kwenza i-Europa ifudumale kakhulu kunalokho okungasikiselwa yiqhwa. Konke lokhu kushisa kungagcina ulwandle lungaqandi, kudale indawo ekhangayo yamagciwane. 

Ngokuyisisekelo, emanzini kuba khona ukuphila, futhi ukuphila kuza neqembu lezisebenzi ze-NASA ezimagange ezilindele ukugunyazwa kwemishini. 

Ngenhlanhla, lokhu kugunyazwa kufikile, ngenxa yokwenyuka kwesabelomali se-NASA sika-2016. Umqondo wemishini, obizwa nge-Europa Clipper, uzotshuza ebhandeni lemisebe le-Jupiter ukuze indize phezu kwe-Europa’ izikhathi ezingu-45 phakathi komkhankaso weminyaka emithathu . Lawa maphasi angavumela ososayensi ukuthi bafunde ngomkhathi nemvelo yase-Europa, futhi mhlawumbe baze baqoqe namasampula amanzi olwandle. Lawa masampuli kanye namanye anganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimo sempilo ezinyangeni ze-Jupiter.