Intela yesikhathi sangempela: Ukufaka intela esheshayo sekukhona

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 6, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Imisebenzi yentela ingase yephuze ekwamukeleni izinqubo zedijithali, kodwa iziphathimandla zentela zibonakala zamukela kakhulu inani lokwenziwa kwedijithali njengoba zishintshela ekubikeni kwesikhathi sangempela okwengeziwe. Ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi iminyaka yentela yedijithali isifikile ekugcineni, futhi ngisho neziphathimandla zentela zikholelwa ukuthi ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe kuzuzisa wonke umuntu. Imithelela yesikhathi eside yalolu shintsho ingabandakanya ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kwe-robotic process automation (RPA) kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezinhlelo zedijithali.

Umongo wentela yesikhathi sangempela

Ukukhula kwezinkokhelo zedijithali, ukubika ngesikhathi sangempela, nokwanda kokwabelana ngedatha yabathengi kubangele ukuthi iziphathimandla zentela zifinyelele ulwazi olwengeziwe kunangaphambili. Lo mkhuba uthinta zonke izimboni, hhayi umkhakha kahulumeni kuphela. Isibonelo, amabhange ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezisabelayo, ngokuhlaziywa kokukhwabanisa kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kwamakhasimende.

Emkhakheni wemithi, abakhiqizi basuka ekwenziweni kwenqwaba baya ekulawuleni ukukhiqiza okuqhubekayo ukuze baxazulule amaphutha efekthri ngesikhathi sangempela futhi banciphise imali enkulu kanye nezindleko zokusebenza. Ukushintshela ekubikeni kwesikhathi sangempela kuyadingeka kunanini ngaphambili ekuqoqweni nasekucutshungulweni kwentela, njengoba i-Industry 4.0 (noma i-Fourth Industrial Revolution) iqhubeka nokuphazamisa izindlela zokukhiqiza ezivamile.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iziphathimandla zentela emhlabeni jikelele zitshala imali ngokujulile kubuchwepheshe obusekelwe emafini kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) . Amazwe afaka i-Brazil, i-Mexico, i-UK, ne-Hungary wonke athule izinhlelo zentela zedijithali eziwavumela ukuthi aqoqe idatha yokwenziwe ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuwushintsho olubalulekile olusuka ezindleleni ezenziwa mathupha zokuqoqwa kwentela.

Esikhundleni sokuthi ulwazi luphushwe amabhizinisi luyiswe kuziphathimandla zentela, manje seludonswa yiziphathimandla zentela ngokwazo, ikakhulukazi lapho kwenziwa ibhizinisi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzenzakalela kubangele izinselelo ezintsha eminyangweni yentela yezinkampani. Ocwaningweni luka-Forbes lwango-2021 lwamaqembu entela ezinkampani, cishe uhhafu wabaphenduli uthe bazizwa bentula izinsiza ngenxa yezinguquko eziningi namaphrojekthi ezishintshayo. Kuphinde kwanda ukufakwa kwamafayili ngenxa yokufakwa kwedijithali kanye nezidingo ezengeziwe zokuthunyelwa kwemali ngesikhathi sangempela okufanele zicutshungulwe.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Amazwe amaningana athumele ngempumelelo izindlela zokubika zesikhathi sangempela. Ikakhulukazi, i-Brazil yaba ngowokuqala ukutholwa ngo-2012, lapho amabhizinisi kwakudingeka ukuthi agcwalise ifomu le-Nota Fiscal Eletrônica (noma i-NF-e) njalo lapho isenzo esikhokhiswa intela siqedwa ukuze iziphathimandla zihlole. Khonamanjalo, i-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Standard Audit File for Tax (SAF-T) iqale ukusebenza kusukela ngeminyaka yowezi-2010 ezingxenyeni eziningi zase-Europe.

NgoJulayi 2017, i-Spain yakhipha uhlelo Lokuhlinzekwa Okusheshayo Kolwazi, oludinga abakhokhi bentela abathile ukuthi banikeze ngokubika kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela mayelana nama-invoyisi entela ye-value-added (VAT). Ngo-2019, i-Italy yethula imfuneko yokuthi abanye abakhokhi bentela bathumele ama-invoyisi besebenzisa inkundla yabo ye-Sistema di Interscambio (SdI). I-Poland iphinde yashintsha ukubuyiselwa kwe-VAT yafaka i-SAF-T ngo-2019.

Umkhuba wentela yesikhathi sangempela awubonisi noma yiziphi izimpawu zokwehla. Kulandela uguquko lwedijithali lwase-Brazil, izindlela ezifanayo ziye zasetshenziswa e-Latin America nase-US, lapho iziphathimandla zentela ezingeni likahulumeni seziqala ukubuyisela kabusha ubuchwepheshe bazo befa obungenangqondo. Ngo-2020, kokubili i-California neFlorida ithi iziphakamiso zezikweletu zokuguqula amafayela azo entela abe yifomethi ye-XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language).

Lolu hlelo luzokwenza ukuthi imibiko yezimali yezwe neyendawo ifinyeleleke ngamakhompyutha nabantu. Khonamanjalo, ngo-2020, iNorway yamemezela ukuthi izojoyina izimakethe eziyisithupha zaseYurophu esezivele zibophezelekile yizinga lomhlaba wonke lokwabelana ngedatha ye-elekthronikhi neziphathimandla zentela. Ukwengeza, i-OECD iyaqhubeka nokusebenza kwezinye izindawo ukwenza ngcono ukwenziwa kwedijithali kokulawulwa kwentela. 

Imithelela yentela yesikhathi sangempela

Imithelela ebanzi yentela yesikhathi sangempela ingase ihlanganise: 

• Iminyango yentela iya ngokuya isebenzisa i-robotic process automation (RPA) ukuze ihambisane nokufakwa kwesikhathi sangempela. Lawa mabhothi enza ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi eminingi eyenziwa ngesandla nephindaphindayo.
• Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulisiwe ezinhlelweni zedijithali zentela, okuhlanganisa ingqalasizinda, izinkundla ezisekelwe emafini, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone.
• Amazwe agqugquzela amabhizinisi amancane nosonkontileka abazimele ukuthi bafake izintela ngesikhathi sangempela ngokwenza kube lula kubo ngamathuluzi aku-inthanethi.
• Ukubika kwesikhathi sangempela okuholela ekwehliseni ukukhwabanisa kwentela nokubalekela intela, kanye nokugcwalisa okunembe kakhudlwana, okuholela emalini engenayo enyukile yamazwe.
• Iminyango yentela yebhizinisi yakha amaqembu akhethekile ukuze alawule izinqubo zentela ngesikhathi sangempela, ezingase zikhulise amathuba omsebenzi kuzingcweti zentela.
• Ukusetshenziswa okuthuthukisiwe kobuhlakani bokwenziwa ekubikezelweni kwentela, okuvumela ukuqagela imali engenayo enembe kakhudlwana kanye nesabelomali sohulumeni.
• Amashifu ekuziphatheni kwabathengi abheke ezindleleni zokukhokha zedijithali, njengoba intela yesikhathi sangempela ihlangana ngaphandle komthungo nezinkundla ze-e-commerce kanye nokwenziwe ku-inthanethi.
• Izinhlelo zemfundo nokuqeqesha ezinwebekayo ukuze zihlomise ochwepheshe ngamakhono okuthobela intela ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nezinhlelo zentela yedijithali, okubonisa ukushintsha kwezwe lemboni yentela.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma usebenzela umnyango wentela, ibuphi obunye bobuchwepheshe bokubika ngesikhathi sangempela obusebenzisayo?
• Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ohulumeni abangenza ngazo ukugcwalisa intela kube lula?