Neural neural network: Ubongo wobisika womwe umathandizira AI

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• April 6, 2023

Ma algorithms ndi ma data akulu asanduka mawu oti apite ku Artificial Intelligence (AI), koma ma neural network (ANN) ndi omwe amawalola kukhala zida zamphamvu. Ma ANNwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mapangidwe, kugawa deta, ndi kupanga zisankho motengera zomwe zalowetsedwa. 

Nkhani zama neural network

Manetiweki opangidwa ndi neural amayesa kutsanzira zovuta zanzeru za anthu popanga netiweki ya mapulogalamu, ma code, ndi ma aligorivimu kuti athe kukonza zolowetsa (data/patterns) ndikuzifananitsa ndi zotulutsa zotheka kwambiri (zotsatira/zotsatira). ANN ndi gawo lobisika lomwe limayendetsa ndikugwirizanitsa maubwenzi pakati pa deta ndi kupanga zisankho. Pamene ANN imamangidwa pakati pa zolowetsa ndi zotulutsa, makina amaphunzira kwambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa deta yovuta kwambiri. Magawo angapo a ANN amadziwika kuti ma neural network chifukwa amatha kubisa zambiri zamaphunziro ndikupanga njira yabwino kwambiri. 

Makina "amaphunzitsidwa" mopitilira muyeso, njira yosinthira magawo omwe alipo kuti aphunzitse ma aligorivimu kuti abwere ndi zotsatira zabwino / kusanthula. Ma network a Artificial neural network amatha kuphunzitsidwa kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga kuzindikira zithunzi ndi mawu, kumasulira zilankhulo, ngakhale kusewera masewera. Amachita izi mwa kusintha mphamvu za kugwirizana pakati pa ma neuroni, omwe amadziwika kuti zolemera, pogwiritsa ntchito deta yomwe amalandira panthawi ya maphunziro. Njirayi imalola ma netiweki kuti aphunzire ndikusintha pakapita nthawi, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake pantchitoyo. Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma ANN, kuphatikiza ma feedforward network, convolutional neural network (CNNs), ndi recurrent neural network (RNNs). Mtundu uliwonse wapangidwa kuti ukhale woyenera kwambiri ku ntchito inayake kapena kalasi ya data.

Zosokoneza

Palibe makampani masiku ano omwe sagwiritsa ntchito maukonde ozama a neural ndi AI kupanga mabizinesi ndikupeza nzeru zamsika. Mwina njira yodziwikiratu yogwiritsira ntchito maukonde azama neural ndi makampani ogulitsa, komwe AI imasanthula mamiliyoni azinthu zamakasitomala kuti azindikire molondola magulu omwe angathe kugula chinthu kapena ntchito. Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kolondola kwa kusanthula kwa dataku, makampeni otsatsa akhala opambana kwambiri kudzera mu hypertargeting (kuzindikiritsa magawo amakasitomala ndikuwatumizira mauthenga osinthika kwambiri). 

Nkhani ina yomwe ikubwera ndi pulogalamu yozindikiritsa nkhope, gawo lomwe limatsutsana pachitetezo cha cybersecurity komanso zinsinsi za data. Kuzindikirika kumaso kukugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kutsimikizika kwa pulogalamu kupita kuzamalamulo ndipo kumathandizidwa ndi ma neural network akuzama ma rekodi apolisi ndi ma selfies otumizidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Ntchito zandalama ndi bizinesi ina yomwe imapindula kwambiri ndi ma neural network, kugwiritsa ntchito AI kulosera zamayendedwe amsika, kusanthula ma fomu a ngongole, ndikuzindikira zachinyengo zomwe zingachitike.

Ma neural network azama amathanso kusanthula zithunzi zachipatala, monga ma x-ray ndi maginito a resonance imaging (MRI), kuti athandizire kuzindikira matenda ndikulosera zotsatira za odwala. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kusanthula zolemba zamagetsi zamagetsi kuti azindikire zomwe zikuchitika komanso zoopsa pamikhalidwe ina. Ma Neural network alinso ndi kuthekera kogwiritsidwa ntchito popeza mankhwala, mankhwala opangidwa ndi munthu payekha, komanso kasamalidwe kaumoyo wa anthu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ma ANN akuyenera kuthandiza popanga zisankho zachipatala m'malo mosintha ukatswiri ndi kuweruza kwa akatswiri azachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino.

Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde azama neural

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ma neural neural network kungaphatikizepo:

• Ma algorithms akukhala otsogola kwambiri kudzera m'ma dataset ovuta komanso matekinoloje abwinoko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito zapamwamba monga kupereka upangiri ndi upangiri wazachuma. Mu 2022, ma aligorivimu amphamvu okonda ogula, monga Open AI's ChatGPT adawonetsa mphamvu, kusinthasintha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe ka AI kophunzitsidwa pamaseti akulu mokwanira. (Ogwira ntchito ku makola oyera padziko lonse lapansi adachita mantha.)
• Luntha lochita kupanga likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'gulu lankhondo kuti lipereke zidziwitso zenizeni zenizeni komanso nzeru zothandizira njira zankhondo.
• Maukonde azama neural omwe amathandizira Metaverse kuti ipange chilengedwe chovuta cha digito chokhala ndi zidziwitso zenizeni zenizeni monga kuchuluka kwa anthu, machitidwe amakasitomala, komanso zolosera zachuma.
• Ma ANN akuphunzitsidwa kuzindikira machitidwe a data omwe amawonetsa zochitika zachinyengo, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa zochitika zokayikitsa m'magawo monga azachuma ndi malonda apakompyuta.
• Maukonde azama neural omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zinthu, anthu, ndi zithunzi pazithunzi ndi makanema. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, machitidwe achitetezo, komanso ma tagging ochezera.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukuganiza kuti maukonde azama neural angasinthe bwanji anthu pazaka zitatu zikubwerazi?
• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zingakhalepo komanso zowopsa?