Deep neural networks: Boko bo patiloeng bo matlafatsang AI

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• April 6, 2023

Li-algorithms le lintlha tse kholo li fetohile li-buzzwords sebakeng sa bohlale ba maiketsetso (AI), empa marang-rang a maiketsetso a marang-rang (ANN) ke a lumellang hore e be lisebelisoa tse matla. Li-ANN tsena li sebelisetsoa ho lemoha mekhoa, ho hlophisa lintlha, le ho etsa liqeto ho latela boitsebiso bo kentsoeng. 

Deep neural networks

Marang-rang a maiketsetso a neural a leka ho etsisa ho rarahana ha bohlale ba motho ka ho haha ​​marang-rang a software, likhoutu, le li-algorithms ho sebetsana le ho kenya (data/patterns) le ho li bapisa le tlhahiso e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa (phello/liphetho). ANN ke lera le ipatileng le sebetsang le ho hokahanya likamano lipakeng tsa data le ho etsa liqeto. Ha ANN e ntse e hahoa pakeng tsa ho kenya letsoho le ho tsoa, ​​mochine o ithuta haholoanyane ka lebaka la ho fumaneha ha lintlha tse rarahaneng. Likarolo tse ngata tsa ANN li tsejoa e le marang-rang a tebileng a methapo ea kutlo hobane li khona ho bokella lintlha tse ngata tsa koetliso le ho hlahisa tharollo kapa mekhoa e metle. 

Mochini o "rutoa" ho ea pele ka ho phatlalatsoa ka morao, mokhoa oa ho lokisa maemo a teng ho koetlisa li-algorithms ho hlahisa sephetho / tlhahlobo e ntle ka ho fetisisa. Marang-rang a maiketsetso a methapo ea kutlo a ka koetlisetsoa ho etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng, joalo ka ho lemoha litšoantšo le puo, ho fetolela puo, esita le ho bapala lipapali. Ba etsa sena ka ho fetola matla a likhokahano pakeng tsa li-neurone, tse tsejoang e le litekanyo, ho latela lintlha tsa ho kenya letsoho tseo ba li fumanang nakong ea thupelo. Mokhoa ona o lumella marang-rang ho ithuta le ho ikamahanya le nako, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona mosebetsing. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-ANN, ho kenyeletsoa marang-rang a phepelo, marang-rang a convolutional neural (CNNs), le marang-rang a tloaelehileng a methapo (RNNs). Mofuta o mong le o mong o etselitsoe hore o tšoanelehe hantle bakeng sa mosebetsi o itseng kapa sehlopha sa data.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Ha ho na indasteri kajeno e sa sebeliseng marang-rang a tebileng a neural le AI ho iketsetsa lits'ebetso tsa khoebo le ho bokella bohlale ba mmaraka. Mohlomong ts'ebeliso e hlakileng ka ho fetesisa ea marang-rang a tebileng a neural ke indasteri ea papatso, moo AI e sebetsanang le limilione tsa tlhahisoleseling ea bareki ho tseba ka nepo lihlopha tse itseng tse ka bang teng ho reka sehlahisoa kapa tšebeletso. Ka lebaka la ho nepahala ho ntseng ho eketseha ha litlhahlobo tsena tsa data, matšolo a papatso a atlehile haholo ka hypertargeting (ho tsebahatsa li-subsets tse khethehileng tsa bareki le ho ba romella melaetsa e ikhethileng haholo). 

Taba e 'ngoe e hlahang ea tšebeliso ke software e hlokomelang sefahleho, sebaka seo ho phehisanoang khang ka sona mabapi le cybersecurity le lekunutu la data. Temoho ea sefahleho e ntse e sebelisoa ho tloha ho netefatso ea app ho isa ho ts'ebetsong ea molao mme e nolofalloa ke marang-rang a tebileng a sebetsanang le lirekoto tsa mapolesa le li-selfies tse rometsoeng ke basebelisi. Litšebeletso tsa lichelete ke indasteri e 'ngoe e ruang molemo haholo ho tsoa ho marang-rang a tebileng a neural, a sebelisa AI ho bolela esale pele metsamao ea mmaraka, ho sekaseka likopo tsa kalimo, le ho tseba bosholu bo ka bang teng.

Marang-rang a tebileng a methapo a ka boela a hlahloba litšoantšo tsa bongaka, tse kang x-ray le magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ho thusa ho hlahloba mafu le ho bolela esale pele liphello tsa mokuli. Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho hlahloba litlaleho tsa bophelo bo botle ba elektronike ho tseba mekhoa le maemo a kotsi bakeng sa maemo a itseng. Marang-rang a Neural a boetse a na le monyetla oa ho sebelisoa ho sibolloa ha lithethefatsi, meriana e etselitsoeng motho ka mong, le taolong ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore li-ANN li lokela ho thusa ho etsa liqeto tsa bongaka ho e-na le ho nkela boitsebi le kahlolo ea lingaka tse koetlisitsoeng.

Lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang a tebileng a methapo

Lisebelisoa tse pharaletseng tsa marang-rang a tebileng a neural li ka kenyelletsa:

• Li-algorithms li ntse li tsoela pele ho rarahana le ho feta ka li-datasets tse rarahaneng le theknoloji e betere, e hlahisang mesebetsi ea boemo bo holimo joalo ka ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa boeletsi le likeletso tsa matsete. Ka 2022, li-algorithms tse matla tse sebelisang bareki, joalo ka Open AI's ChatGPT, li bonts'itse matla, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, le ho sebetsa ha sistimi ea AI e koetlisitsoeng ho li-dataset tse kholo ka ho lekaneng. (Basebeletsi ba li-white collar lefatšeng ka bophara ba ile ba thothomela.)
• Bohlale ba maiketsetso bo ntse bo sebelisoa haholo sesoleng ho fana ka tlhahisoleseling le bohlale ba nako ea nnete ho ts'ehetsa maano a ntoa.
• Marang-rang a tebileng a neural a nolofalletsang Metaverse ho theha tikoloho e rarahaneng ea dijithale e nang le tlhaiso-leseling ea nako ea nnete joalo ka lipalo tsa batho, boitšoaro ba bareki le ponelopele ea moruo.
• Li-ANN li koetlisetsoa ho lemoha mekhoa ea boitsebiso bo bontšang liketso tsa bomenemene, le ho sebelisoa ho tšoaea batho ba belaetsang mesebetsing e kang ea lichelete le khoebo ea elektronike.
• Ho sebelisoa marang-rang a tebileng a methapo ea kutlo ho lemoha lintho, batho, le liketsahalo litšoantšong le livideong. Mokhoa ona o sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse joalo ka likoloi tse itsamaisang, litsamaiso tsa ts'ireletso, le li-tagging tsa litaba tsa sechaba.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• U nahana hore marang-rang a tebileng a neural a tla fetola sechaba joang lilemong tse tharo tse tlang?
• Liphephetso le likotsi tse ka bang teng ke life?