Kusintha kwa ma gene a Crispr/Cas9 kumathandizira kuswana kosankha m'makampani azaulimi

Kuweta kosankha kwasintha kwambiri ntchito yaulimi m'zaka zapitazi. Mwachitsanzo, a chimanga ndi mbewu zamasiku ano sizikuwoneka ngati momwe zimakhalira pomwe zidapanga chitukuko chaulimi wakale. Pogwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, makolo athu adatha kusankha majini awiri omwe asayansi amakhulupirira kuti ndi omwe amachititsa kusintha kumene timawona mu mitundu iyi.  

Koma teknoloji yatsopano yatsimikizira kuti ikukwaniritsa njira yomweyi, zonse pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochepa ndi ndalama. Kuli bwinobe, sikungakhale kosavuta kokha koma zotsatira zake zingakhale zabwinoko! Alimi amatha kusankha mikhalidwe yomwe akufuna kukhala nayo muzokolola zawo kapena ziweto zawo kuchokera m'kabukhu!  

Makina: Crispr/Cas9  

M'zaka za m'ma 1900, mbewu zambiri zatsopano zosinthidwa chibadwa zinamera. Komabe, zomwe zapezeka posachedwa za Crispr/Cas9 ndizosintha masewera. Ndi teknoloji yamtunduwu, munthu akhoza kutsata ndondomeko yeniyeni ya jini ndi kudula ndi kumata ndondomeko yatsopano m'deralo. Izi zitha kupangitsa alimi kukhala ndi kuthekera kosankha ndendende majini omwe akufuna mu mbewu zawo kuchokera mu "kalozera" wa mikhalidwe yomwe ingatheke!  

Simumakonda khalidwe? Chotsani! Mukufuna khalidweli? Onjezani izo! Ndizosavuta, ndipo mwayi wake ndi wopanda malire. Zina mwazosintha zomwe mungachite ndikusintha kuti mukhale wololera ku matenda kapena chilala, kuti muwonjezere zokolola, ndi zina zambiri! 

Kodi izi ndizosiyana bwanji ndi za GMO? 

A Zamoyo Zosinthidwa Ma Genetic, kapena kuti GMO, ndi njira yosinthira jini imene inaphatikizapo kubweretsa majini atsopano a mtundu wina kuti akwaniritse makhalidwe amene munthu akufuna. Gene kusintha, kumbali ina, ikusintha DNA yomwe ilipo kale kuti ipange chamoyo chokhala ndi khalidwe linalake. 

Ngakhale kuti kusiyanako sikungawonekere kwakukulu, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwake ndi momwe zimakhudzira zamoyo. Pali zambiri malingaliro olakwika pa GMO, popeza samayang'aniridwa mwachidwi ndi ogula ambiri. Asayansi omwe akufuna kuvomereza kusintha kwa ma gene a Crispr/Cas9 pazolinga zaulimi amakhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tisiyanitse awiriwa kuti achotse kusalidwa kozungulira mbewu ndi ziweto. Machitidwe a Crispr/Cas9 akuyang'ana kuti angofulumizitsa ndondomeko yoweta mwachikhalidwe.  

Nanga ziweto? 

Mwinanso wochereza wothandiza kwambiri panjira imeneyi ali pa ziweto. Nkhumba zimadziwika kuti zili ndi matenda ambiri omwe amatha kupititsa padera ndikupangitsa kufa msanga. Mwachitsanzo, Poricine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) imawononga anthu a ku Ulaya pafupifupi madola 1.6 biliyoni chaka chilichonse.  

Gulu lochokera ku University of Edinburgh's Roslin Institute ikugwira ntchito yochotsa molekyu ya CD163 yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndi njira yomwe imayambitsa kachilombo ka PRRS. Kusindikizidwa kwawo kwaposachedwa mu magazini PLOS Pathogens zikuwonetsa kuti nkhumbazi zitha kukana kachilomboka.  

Apanso, mwayi waukadaulo uwu ndi wopanda malire. Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingachepetse mtengo wa alimi ndikuwonjezera moyo wa nyamazi.