Umlando kanye nekusasa lamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5 wokuphrinta kwe-3D

Ekuqaleni kwakukhona umsebe wokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okugxilwe echibini lepulasitiki eliwuketshezi. Kulokho kwavela into yokuqala ephrintiwe ye-3D. Kwakuyisithelo sika uCharles Hull, umsunguli we-stereolithography kanye nomsunguli wesikhathi esizayo we-3D Systems, okwamanje enye yezinkampani ezinkulu embonini. Wathola ilungelo lobunikazi lale nqubo ngo-1986 futhi kamuva ngawo lowo nyaka wasungula iphrinta yokuqala yokuhweba ye-3D - i-Stereolithography Apparatus. Futhi kwaqhubeka.

Kusukela kulezo ziqalo ezithobekile, imishini emikhulu, emincane nenensayo yakudala yathuthukela kumaphrinta e-3D ahlakaniphile esiwaziyo namuhla. Amaphrinta amaningi okwamanje asebenzisa ipulasitiki ye-ABS ukuze "iphrinte," into efanayo eyenziwa yi-Lego; ezinye izinketho zifaka i-Polylactic Acid (PLA), iphepha elijwayelekile lasehhovisi, kanye namapulasitiki ahlanganiswayo.

Enye yezinto eziyinkinga nge-ABS plastic ukushoda kwemibala ehlukahlukene. I-ABS iza ngokubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani, okuphuzi noma okumnyama, futhi abasebenzisi bavalelwe kulowo mbala owodwa kumodeli yabo ephrintiwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona amanye amaphrinta okuthengisa angaziqhayisa ngemibala ecishe ibe ngu-400,000 ehlukene, njenge-3D Systems ZPrinter 850. Lawa maphrinta avame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-prototypes, kodwa imakethe ithuthela kwezinye izindawo.

Muva nje, ososayensi bathathe amaphrinta e-3D bawasebenzisela ukuphrinta kwe-bio, inqubo ewisa amaseli ngamanye endaweni ngendlela iphrinta ye-inkjet ewisa ngayo uyinki onemibala. Bakwazile ukwenza izicubu ezincane zokutholwa kwezidakamizwa nokuhlolwa kobuthi, kodwa esikhathini esizayo banethemba lokuphrinta izitho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze zifakwe.

Kunamaphrinta ezimboni asebenza ngezinsimbi ezahlukene, ezingagcina zisetshenziswe embonini ye-aerospace. Kuye kwenziwa intuthuko ekunyatheliseni izinto ezibonakalayo eziningi, njengekhibhodi yekhompyutha esebenza kakhulu eyenziwe i-Stratasys, enye inkampani Yokuphrinta ye-3D. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bebelokhu besebenza ngezinqubo zokunyathelisa ukudla nokunyathelisa izingubo. Ngo-2011, kokubili i-bikini yokuqala ye-3D ephrintiwe emhlabeni kanye nephrinta yokuqala ye-3D yokusebenza ngoshokoledi yakhululwa.

"Ngokwami, ngikholwa ukuthi yinto enkulu elandelayo," u-Abe Reichental, oyi-CEO yamanje yenkampani yakwaHull, etshela izindaba zabathengi. “Ngicabanga ukuthi ingaba nkulu njengoba injini ye-steam yayinkulu ngesikhathi sayo, inkulu njengekhompiyutha osukwini lwayo, ibe nkulu njenge-inthanethi osukwini lwayo, futhi ngikholelwa ukuthi lobu ubuchwepheshe obulandelayo obuzophazamisa shintsha konke. Kuzoshintsha indlela esifunda ngayo, kuzoshintsha indlela esidala ngayo, futhi kuzoshintsha indlela esikhiqiza ngayo.”

Ukuphrinta nge-3D akwehli. Ngokusho kwe-synopsis ye-Wohlers Report, ucwaningo olunzulu lwaminyaka yonke lwenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza okungeziwe kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuphrinta kwe-3D kungakhula kube imboni eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5.2 ngo-2020. Ngo-2010, yayibiza cishe u-$1.3 ibhiliyoni. Njengoba lawa maphrinta eba lula ukuwathola, amanani nawo aye ehla. Lapho iphrinta yezentengiso ye-3D yake yabiza ngaphezulu kuka-$100,000, manje ingatholakala ngo-$15,000. Amaphrinta wokuzilibazisa nawo avele, abiza ngokwesilinganiso u-$1,000, kanti eyodwa eshibhe kakhulu ibiza u-$200 kuphela.