Ukulawulwa kwe-Drone: I-Drone airspace ivala igebe phakathi kweziphathimandla nobuchwepheshe

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Kwangathi 6, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ama-Drones asefinyeleleka kalula ngenxa yezindleko eziwayo, okwenza abantu ngabanye kanye nezinkampani zihlole ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuphepha kanye nokulethwa kwezinga elincane. Ukuphendula, ohulumeni base-US nabase-UK basebenzisa imithetho eqinile yokwengamela ukusetshenziswa kwe-drone. Nakuba lezi zinyathelo ziphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nobumfihlo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwedatha yomuntu siqu, zingase futhi zivule indlela yemboni ye-drone evuthiwe futhi evikelekile, ezikhuthaza ukuqanjwa okusha kanye nokwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zemfundo ezihlobene ne-drone kanye nemikhuba yokukhiqiza eco-friendly.

Umongo wokulawulwa kwe-drone

Ukwehla kwezindleko okumangazayo kwenza ama-drones afinyeleleka kalula emphakathini. Ngokunjalo, izinkampani ziye zafuna ukukhulisa izimfanelo zazo ezihlukile zokunyakaza ukuze zenze imisebenzi yezentengiselwano, njengokuthuthukisa ezokuphepha noma ukulethwa kwezinga elincane. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-drone buba yinto evamile, iziphathimandla e-US nase-UK zethule izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa imisebenzi yabanikazi be-drone, ngakho bawela ngaphansi kohlaka olumisiwe lokulawula.

E-UK, bonke abaqhubi bezindiza ezingama-drone namamodeli abasebenzisa i-drone enesisindo esiphakathi kwekota yekhilogremu namakhilogremu angama-20 kufanele babhaliswe futhi baphumelele ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, abaqhubi bahlawuliswe u-£1,000 uma bengahambisani nalokho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) ibeke inkokhiso yelayisense yonyaka engu-£16.50 abaqhubi okufanele bayikhokhe njengengxenye yohlelo lokubhaliswa kwe-drone yase-UK, eyenziwa yaba impoqo ngoNovemba 2019. Le mali ihlanganisa izindleko zokubamba i-IT nezokuvikela, abasebenzi be-CAA. kanye nezindleko zocingo losizo, ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi, izinhlelo zemfundo kanye nokuqwashisa ezweni lonke, kanye nentengo yezithuthukisi zesevisi yokubhaliswa kwama-drone. 

Khonamanjalo, uhulumeni wase-US uhlela ukudinga yonke indiza ekhishwa ngobuningi ekhiqizwa ngobuningi enesisindo esingaphezu kwekota yekhilogremu ukuthi isakaze ukuthi ikuphi ngo-2022. ngenkathi isetshenziswa, yiziphi iziphathimandla zomthetho ezingase zinqamule nezinkundla zazo zokuqapha. Le mithetho yonke iyingxenye yezinga elisha elithi "I-Remote ID" ehloselwe ukuhlinzeka i-Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) kanye nabezomthetho ngokuqonda okuphelele kokuhamba kwezindiza.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Imfuneko ye-ID yesilawuli kude ngeke nje isebenze kuma-drones amasha; kusukela ngo-2023, kuyoba emthethweni ukushayela noma iyiphi i-drone ngaphandle kokusakaza ulwazi oludingekayo. Azikho izimo ezikhona kakade zama-drones zakudala, akukho okuhlukile kuma-drones omjaho owakhelwe ekhaya, futhi akunandaba ukuthi umuntu undiza i-drone ngezinjongo zokuzijabulisa. Imithetho engaphansi kwe-FAA izoqinisekisa ukuthi abantu bashintsha ama-drones abo ngemojula entsha yokusakaza noma bayindize kuphela endaweni eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile endizayo ebizwa ngokuthi "I-FAA-Recognized Identification Area." 

Isinqumo esithathwe yi-FAA sinezinkinga eziningi zobumfihlo ezingaba khona. Ngenkathi usebenzisa i-drone, ukusakaza ulwazi lomuntu siqu kanye nendawo kungase kubeke abathengi engozini, ikakhulukazi ekuhlaselweni kwe-cyber. Abaduni bangase bathole ukufinyelela olwazini olubalulekile mayelana nabaqhubi be-drone ngabanye, njengamakheli abo nedatha kamazisi yomuntu siqu. Ukwengeza, izimali zokubhalisa zikahulumeni wase-US zingase zidikibalise abantu abasha ekuthengeni ama-drones.

Kodwa-ke, ama-drones alawulwa ngokwandayo angasiza izikhulu zethrafikhi yezindiza kanye nohulumeni ekwehliseni ukuhamba kwezindiza ezindaweni nezindawo ezikhawulelwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe usongo lokulimala noma umsebenzi ongekho emthethweni. Izinhlawulo zokusebenzisa ama-drones ngaphandle kwemingcele yokwengamela kukahulumeni zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokuqapha zikahulumeni, kanti ezinye izimali zingasetshenziswa ukuxhumana nabathintekayo abahlukene mayelana nokudalwa kwezikhala zomoya ezigxile ezenzakalweni zomphakathi, ezingavumela izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo kanye nezindawo zomoya. izinkampani ukuthi zenze imali ezindleleni ezintsha zokufinyelela abathengi. 

Imithelela yokwanda kokulawulwa kwe-drone 

Imithelela ebanzi yemithetho ye-drone ethuthukisiwe ingabandakanya:

• Imithetho eqinile ye-drone eholela ekuvuthweni okuqhubekayo kwemboni ye-drone ukuze abamukela sekwephuzile phakathi kwemikhakha yomphakathi nezimele bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwabo kwe-drone.
• Uhulumeni usungula imithetho emisha yokulinganisa ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuvikelwa kobumfihlo bedatha, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokwethenjwa kwabathengi.
• Ukwenyuka kwezimali zabatshalizimali ezigelezela kubakhiqizi be-drone njengoba umthethonqubo wenza imboni ivikeleke kakhulu kubatshalizimali, okungase kuholele ekwenyukeni kokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphrojekthi ocwaningo nentuthuko.
• Abaqhubi bezentengiselwano bama-drones kufanele babuyekeze imisebenzi yabo yokusebenza ukuze bangene ngaphakathi kwemithetho emisha, ikakhulukazi ngezinsizakalo zokulethwa kwe-drone zesikhathi esizayo, okungase kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamanethiwekhi okuthutha asemoyeni ayinkimbinkimbi navikelekile.
• Amafemu e-Cybersecurity akha isofthiwe yangokwezifiso namadivayisi ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-drone ukuze angagetshengwa amaqembu anobutha, okungase kuholele emkhakheni okhulayo ngaphakathi kwemboni ye-cybersecurity egxile ekuvikeleni i-drone.
• Amandla emithetho ye-drone ukukhuthaza izikhungo zemfundo ukuthi zithuthukise izinhlelo ezigxile kubuchwepheshe be-drone kanye nokulawula, ukukhuthaza abasebenzi abanolwazi abanolwazi lokuzulazula endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokulawula.
• Imithetho eqinile ye-drone ingase ikhuthaze abakhiqizi be-drone ukuthi basebenzise izimiso zomnotho eziyindilinga, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okuzinzile kanye namaphethini okukhiqiza lapho ama-drones enziwa khona ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo eco-friendly kanye nobuchwepheshe obuwonga amandla.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe ukholelwa ukuthi ukulawulwa okukhulayo kwama-drones kungase kukhinyabeze ukukhula kwezebhizinisi komkhakha?
• Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-drones kufanele kuvinjelwe ezindaweni zokuhlala noma ukusetshenziswa kwawo kukhawulelwe ezikhathini ezithile? Ngaphandle kwalokho, uyakholelwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu kwama-drones kufanele kwenqatshelwe ngokuqondile?