Mankhwala a matenda opatsirana pogonana pafupifupi aliyense ali nawo

Herpes si zosangalatsa. Zosasangalatsa kukambirana, sizosangalatsa kuwerenga komanso sizosangalatsa kukhala nazo. Matenda a herpes, omwe amadziwikanso kuti HSV-1 ndi HSV-2, amapezeka paliponse ndipo anthu akuyamba kuzindikira. Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, pafupifupi anthu 3.7 biliyoni osakwanitsa zaka 50 ali ndi herpes. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi 67% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi herpes.

Kunena mwachidule, bungwe la American Center for Disease Control lanena kuti “mwachionekere woposa mmodzi mwa anthu asanu ndi mmodzi alionse azaka zapakati pa 14 mpaka 49 ali ndi nsungu,” ndipo si dziko la America lokha limene likulimbana ndi nthendayi. Kafukufuku wa Stats Canada yemwe adachitika kuyambira 2009 mpaka 2011 adapeza kuti m'modzi mwa anthu asanu ndi awiri aku Canada azaka 16 mpaka 54 ali ndi mawonekedwe a HSV. Ngakhale kunja kwa North America pakhala pali malipoti okhudza miliri ya herpes, kuphatikizapo kafukufuku ku Norway yemwe anapeza kuti "90% ya matenda a m'kati mwa maliseche anali chifukwa cha HSV-1."

Nchifukwa chiyani aliyense ali ndi herpes?

Aliyense asanachite mantha, amadzimangirira mu latex ndipo samachoka m'nyumba pali mfundo zingapo zofunika kuziganizira. HSV-1 ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa herpes kukhala nawo, koma nthawi zambiri umayambitsa zilonda pakamwa ndi milomo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, HSV-1 ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amazitcha zilonda zozizira. Nthawi zambiri imadutsa m'malovu kapena kugawana chinthu chomwe chili ndi kachilomboka. Zitha kuyambitsa maliseche, omwe amadziwikanso kuti HSV-2, nthawi zambiri amakhala osagona mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kuphulika.

HSV-2 ndi mtundu wa herpes womwe umagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi maliseche. Kusalidwa kumene makolo ako anakuuzani kuti mudzakhala nako ngati mutakhala pachibwenzi ndi mtsikana amene ali ndi milomo. Monga mitundu yonse ya herpes, mwatsoka imakhalanso itagona kwa zaka zambiri mwa munthu popanda kudziwonetsera mwakuthupi. Izi zimapangitsa anthu ambiri kufalitsa kachilomboka kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu mosazindikira osazindikira zomwe akuchita. Matendawa siwowopsa, koma amayambitsa kusalana kuposa china chilichonse, koma mwina osati kwa nthawi yayitali.

Njira yamachiritso

Posachedwapa kafukufuku adasindikizidwa mu Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a PLOS pa katemera yemwe angathe kuwononga kachilombo ka herpes. Magazini yotseguka imakhazikitsidwa posindikiza mapepala owunikiridwa ndi anzawo pa mabakiteriya, bowa, majeremusi, ma prions ndi ma virus omwe amathandizira kumvetsetsa zamoyo wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Magaziniyi inanena momveka bwino kuti kuphunzira kwa wolemba Harvey M. Friedman, pulofesa wa pa yunivesite ya Pennsylvania School of Medicine, kungakhale sitepe yotsatira pochiritsa kachilombo ka herpes.

Ntchito ya Friedman idafotokoza chifukwa chake kachilombo ka nsungu kamakhala kovutirapo kuwononga, chifukwa cha zochitika zake zobisika. "Panthawi ya latency, ma virus a herpes amangowonetsa ma jini ochepa chabe omwe amawalola kuti apitirizebe kukhala nawo osatetezedwa bwino ndi chitetezo chathu." Ntchito yake ikupitiriza kufotokoza kuti, "panthawiyi, mavairasi a herpes sakubwereza majeremusi awo ndi ma DNA polymerases, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda asokonezeke."

Kafukufuku wa Friedman adapeza, komabe, adapeza njira yoyendetsera ntchitoyi. Ntchito yake idayamba ndikupeza njira yosinthira kuthekera kwa kachilomboka kuti asazindikire. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito CRISPR/Cas (yophatikizana pafupipafupi yobwerezabwereza yaifupi ya palindromic) kuti igwirizane ndi jini ya virus komanso, "kulepheretsa kupanga tinthu tatsopano toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku maselo amunthu." Mwa kuyankhula kwina, njirayi inaletsa kachilomboka kuti zisafalikire, kuletsa mphamvu yake yodzibisa yokha m'maselo atsopano kuchokera ku chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu.

Mayesero oyambirira adangochitika pa anyani a macaque, chifukwa cha chitetezo chawo chofanana, ndi nkhumba za nkhumba chifukwa amagawana zizindikiro zofanana ndi anthu pamene akukumana ndi kachilomboka. Izo zinanenedwa ndi Sayansi Yotchuka, magazini ya mwezi uliwonse yonena za sayansi ndi luso lamakono lamakono, kuti kusowa kwa ndalama ndiko kumene kukulepheretsa katemerayu kugulitsidwa pamsika wamankhwala, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo pakhoza kukhala zaka zambiri asanapezeke mofala kwa anthu.