Pamene AI ali pakati pathu: ndemanga ya Ex Machina

Ex Machina (2015, dir. Alex Garland) ndi filimu yozama kwambiri, yomwe ili ndi nkhawa yaikulu ngati AI (luntha lochita kupanga) akhoza kukhala munthu weniweni. Kanemayo kwenikweni ndi mayeso a Turing, omwe amayesa kuwunika ngati makina amatha kuchita zomwe munthu, gulu loganiza, lingachite. Koma Ex Machina amapita kupyola kuyesa ophunzira ake kupyolera mu zokambirana chinenero chachibadwa, poika nkhani yake mu malo claustrophobic kutali ndi anthu wamba. Wolemba mapulogalamu a Caleb Smith apambana ulendo wa sabata ku nyumba yakutali ya kampani yake Nathan Bateman, ndipo akutenga nawo mbali kuyesa kuyesa loboti ya Nathan humanoid, Ava. Kampani ya Nathan ndi Bluebook, yofanana ndi Google m'dziko la filimuyi, ndipo Ava ikuyimira mapeto omveka akupita patsogolo kwamakono mu kafukufuku wa AI ndi kuphunzira makina.

Chiyeso cha Turing

Kumayambiriro kwa filimuyi, zikuwonekeratu kuti Ava amatha kukambirana bwino ndi Kalebe. Ava amatha ngakhale kuseka mozungulira, kutsutsa mayankho ake, ndikumukopa mosavuta. Koma pamene maola akudutsa ali m’malo abwino kwambiri a Natani, Kalebe akuwona zinthu zomwe zimamupangitsa kukayikira ndipo Ava amamuwululira kuti Natani sangadaliridwe. Ngakhale Kalebe poyambirira amauza Natani kuti kupangidwa kwa makina ozindikira kudzamuika mu "mbiri ya milungu", zovuta zake zowopsa komanso zosokoneza zidamutulukira. Chifukwa chiyani? anachita Nathan kupanga Ava?

Wothandizira wa Nathan wakunja komanso womvera, Kyoko, amagwira ntchito ngati chojambula cha Ava. Kusadziŵa chinenero kumamupatsa malo ena aliwonse koma kugonjera, ndi kufunitsitsa kwake kutumikira Nathan m’njira iliyonse imene akuona kuti ndi yokonzeka mwa iye chifukwa palibe njira yotulukira. Ngakhale amakwaniritsa zosowa za Nathan zakugonana, popanda chilankhulo, kutalikirana kwamalingaliro nakonso sikungasokonezedwe.

Izi ndi zosiyana ndi zomwe Kalebe anachita ndi Ava. Ubwenzi umapangidwa pakati pawo mwamsanga. Ava amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa ndi kugonana kuti akope Kalebe (ngakhale akupeza chidziwitso ichi kuchokera ku mbiri ya zolaula za Kalebe). Sizitenganso nthawi yayitali kuti Ava awulule kuti amaganizira za momwe alili komanso malo ake. Mwina ataphunzitsidwa kuganiza ndi kukonza zokopa zakunja kudzera m'chinenero chinamuthandiza kukhala ndi luso lozindikira komanso kuganiza kokhalapo.

Makhalidwe a Ava akuwonetsa kuti pachimake chanzeru zopangira chikhoza kukhala chiwongolero chodzimasula ku ukapolo, kukumana ndi dziko lapansi, ndikuchita zomwe akufuna komanso zokhumba zake. M'mawu ake omwe, kuthekera koyima momasuka "msewu wamsewu" ndikukhala ndi "kusintha kwa moyo wamunthu."

Umunthu wa AI

Izi zimabweretsa pachimake cha nkhaniyi - kodi AI angakhaledi munthu? Zikuwoneka kuti zilakolako za Ava sizosiyana ndi za munthu, makamaka yemwe wakhala moyo wake wonse payekha, wopangidwa kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha mbuye wake, komanso akuphunzitsidwa ndi deta kuchokera kunja. Tanthauzo la izi ndilakuti pakuwonekera kwa chilimbikitso, pamabweranso chikhumbo chofuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chake pamtengo uliwonse, ngakhale kuwonongera ena.

Kubwereranso ku zolinga za Natani zopanga Ava ndi ma prototypes ake ena a AI kuphatikiza uinjiniya wake wa mayeso a Turing ndikuchita nawo ntchito za Kalebe, zitha kuwoneka ngati Natani ndi katswiri wokonzekera bwino yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito ena pazolinga zake, zilizonse zomwe angakhale. Amatha kusonyeza kuona mtima ndi ubwino. Koma zomwe zimayikadi Ava panjira yopita ku ufulu ndi umunthu ndi zinthu zomwezi, pamtengo wa kupereka nsembe Kalebe. Kanemayo amathera ndi chithunzithunzi cha zomwe AI yeniyeni imatanthauza mtsogolo.