Kuwerenga kwamalingaliro: Kodi A ndiyenera kudziwa zomwe tikuganiza?

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• January 16, 2023

Asayansi akupanga matekinoloje a ubongo-kompyuta (BCI) kuti "awerenge" ubongo wa munthu mwachindunji kudzera mu implants za chip ndi electrode. Zinthu zatsopanozi zimalowa muubongo wa munthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachilendo zolankhulirana ndi makompyuta ndi zida zowongolera. Komabe, izi zitha kuthetsa zinsinsi monga tikudziwira.

Nkhani yowerengera

Asayansi ochokera ku US, China, ndi Japan akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kujambula kwa maginito (fMRI) kuti amvetsetse bwino ntchito zaubongo. Makina a fMRI awa amatsata kayendedwe ka magazi ndi mafunde aubongo m'malo momangochita zaubongo. Zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pajambulidwe zimasinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe azithunzi ndi neural network yovuta yotchedwa Deep Generator Network (DGN) Algorithm. Koma choyamba, anthu ayenera kuphunzitsa dongosolo la mmene ubongo umaganizira, kuphatikizapo liwiro ndi mmene magazi amayendera kuti akafike ku ubongo. Dongosolo likatsata kayendedwe ka magazi, limapanga zithunzi za chidziwitso chomwe chimasonkhanitsa. DGN imapanga zithunzi zowoneka bwino kwambiri posanthula nkhope, maso, ndi zolemba. Kutengera kafukufukuyu, ma aligorivimu amatha kufanana ndi zithunzi zojambulidwa 99 peresenti ya nthawiyo.

Kufufuza kwina pakuwerenga malingaliro ndikopambana kwambiri. Mu 2018, Nissan adavumbulutsa ukadaulo wa Brain-to-Vehicle womwe ungalole magalimoto kutanthauzira malamulo oyendetsa kuchokera muubongo wa dalaivala. Momwemonso, asayansi aku University of California San Francisco (USCF) adatulutsa zotsatira za kafukufuku waubongo wothandizidwa ndi Facebook mu 2019; kafukufuku anasonyeza kuti n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito ubongo-wewe luso luso decode kulankhula. Pomaliza, Neuralink's BCI idayamba kuyesa mu 2020; cholinga chake ndi kulumikiza zizindikiro za ubongo ku makina mwachindunji.

Zosokoneza

Akamaliza kukhala angwiro, matekinoloje owerengera malingaliro amtsogolo adzakhala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'gawo lililonse ndi gawo lililonse. Madokotala a zamaganizo ndi ochiritsa tsiku lina angadalire lusoli kuti avumbulutse zoopsa zomwe zakhala zikuchitika. Madokotala amatha kudziwa bwino odwala awo kenako n’kuwapatsa mankhwala oyenera. Anthu odulidwa ziwalo amatha kuvala ziwalo za roboti zomwe zimachita nthawi yomweyo ndi malingaliro awo. Momwemonso, apolisi atha kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu pofunsa mafunso kuti awonetsetse kuti omwe akuwakayikira samanama. Ndipo m'mafakitale, antchito aanthu tsiku lina atha kuwongolera zida ndi makina ovuta (amodzi kapena angapo) mosatekeseka, komanso kutali.

Komabe, kuwerenga malingaliro ndi AI kumatha kukhala mutu wotsutsana pamalingaliro abwino. Anthu ambiri adzawona chitukukochi ngati kuwukira kwachinsinsi komanso kuwopseza moyo wawo, zomwe zimapangitsa magulu ambiri a ufulu wa anthu kutsutsa njira ndi zipangizozi. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi South China Morning Post, ukadaulo waku China wowerengera ubongo ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kale kuzindikira kusintha kwamalingaliro kwa ogwira ntchito pamitundu ingapo, monga mizere yopanga fakitale. Kwangotsala nthawi kuti dziko limodzi kapena angapo ayesetse kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu pamlingo wa anthu kuti aziwunika malingaliro a anthu awo.

Mkangano wina ndi woti asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ML imalephera kuzindikira bwino komanso kudziwa momwe anthu amaganiza, kumva, kapena kulakalaka. Pofika chaka cha 2022, ubongo umakhalabe wovuta kwambiri kuti ugawidwe mu zigawo ndi zizindikiro, monga momwe teknoloji yozindikiritsa nkhope ikutsutsidwa ngati chida chodziwira bwino momwe munthu akumvera. Chifukwa chimodzi n’chakuti pali njira zambiri zimene anthu amabisira maganizo awo enieni. Momwemonso, momwe matekinoloje a ML akadali kutali kwambiri kuti afotokoze zovuta za chidziwitso chaumunthu.

Zotsatira za kuwerenga maganizo

Zowonjezereka za kuwerenga maganizo zingaphatikizepo:

• Makampani opanga migodi, opangira zinthu, ndi opanga omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zipewa zowerengera zochitika muubongo kuti adziwe kutopa kwa ogwira ntchito komanso kuzindikira ngozi zomwe zingachitike. 
• Zipangizo za BCI zomwe zimathandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loyenda kuti azilumikizana ndiukadaulo wothandizira, monga zida zanzeru ndi makompyuta.
• Makampani aukadaulo ndi malonda omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida za BCI kuti agwiritse ntchito zambiri zamunthu kuti apititse patsogolo malonda ndi kampeni ya e-commerce.
• Malamulo adziko lonse komanso apadziko lonse lapansi omwe amayang'anira kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje a BCI m'magulu onse.
• Asitikali omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa BCI kuti athe kulumikizana mozama pakati pa asitikali ndi magalimoto omenyera nkhondo ndi zida zomwe amalamula. Mwachitsanzo, oyendetsa ndege omwe amagwiritsa ntchito BCI amatha kuyendetsa ndege zawo mwachangu.
• Maiko ena akugwiritsa ntchito luso la kuwerenga maganizo pofika zaka za m'ma 2050 kuti nzika zawo zikhale zogwirizana, makamaka magulu ang'onoang'ono.
• Kukankhira kumbuyo ndi zionetsero za magulu a anthu otsutsana ndi matekinoloje owerengera ubongo opangidwa kuti azizonda anthu. 

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi boma lichitepo chiyani pakuwongolera ukadaulo wa BCI?
• Ndi zoopsa zina ziti zomwe zingakhalepo pokhala ndi zida zomwe zimatha kudziwa malingaliro athu?