Ukuphila impilo enempilo: imikhuba yenhlanzeko yezifo ezithathelanayo

Ukuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo kungagwenywa ngokusebenzisa nje izindlela ezingcono zokukhucululwa kwendle. Izifo ezifana nenyumoniya, isifo sohudo, nezifo ezibangelwa ukudla zingavinjelwa ngokuthuthukisa imikhuba yokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu neyekhaya.

Inhlanzeko kanye nezifo zokuzivikela

Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngu UNICEF bathi “uhudo lungumbulali ophambili wezingane, obangela amaphesenti angu-5 azo zonke izingane ezifayo ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemi-XNUMX emhlabeni wonke.” Ekuphenduleni le nkinga ekhulayo, iqembu labantu emhlabeni jikelele ─abanolwazi emkhakheni wezokuhlanzeka ─ bahlanganyele izandla ukuze babelane ngezindlela zokuvikela izingane ezifweni ezithathelwanayo. Lesi sigungu sakha iGlobal Hygiene Council (GHC). Yabo umbono igxile ekufundiseni nasekuqwashiseni ngokuhlobana phakathi kwenhlanzeko nempilo. Ngenxa yalokho, baqhamuke nezinyathelo ezinhlanu ezilula zokulwa nosizi lwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezingagwemeka.

Isinyathelo sokuqala sivuma ukuba sengozini kwezingane. Lapho zisencane, izingane ziyaziwa ukuthi zinamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka futhi zisengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala. Esinye isiphakamiso sokunikeza ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukulandela uhlelo lokugoma izingane ezisanda kuzalwa.

Isinyathelo sesibili isidingo sokuthuthukisa inhlanzeko yezandla. Kudingeka ukuthi umuntu ageze izandla ezimeni ezibucayi njengangaphambi kokuthinta ukudla, ebuya ngaphandle, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yokugezela, nangemva kokuthintana nezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngo-2003, i- ICenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  wenze ucwaningo olwakhombisa ukubaluleka kwenhlanzeko maqondana nokuvikela isifo sohudo ezinganeni. Isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, izingane zahlukaniswa zaba yilabo abachayeka ekukhuthazeni ukugeza izandla futhi abagcina bengakwazanga. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi imindeni efundiswe ngokugeza izandla inamathuba amancane ngamaphesenti angama-50 okuthola isifo sohudo. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luphinde lwembula ukuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kwengane. Imiphumela yaqashelwa emakhonweni afana nokuqonda, imoto, ukuxhumana, ukuxhumana komuntu siqu nomphakathi, namakhono okuzivumelanisa nezimo.

Isinyathelo sesithathu sigxile ekunciphiseni ingozi yokungcoliswa kokudla. Izifo ezitholakala ekudleni zingavinjelwa ngokuphatha ukudla ngendlela efanele. Ngaphandle nje kokuthi umuntu ogeza izandla ngaphambi nangemva kokuphatha ukudla, izibulala-zinambuzane kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokucophelela ukuze zibulale izimbungulu. Isitoreji sokudla futhi kuyisihluthulelo sokulondoloza ukudla. Ukudla okuphekiwe kufanele kuvalwe futhi kugcinwe kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezifanele zokuqandisa nokushisisa.   

Isinyathelo sesine sigqamisa izindawo zokuhlanza ekhaya nasesikoleni. Izindawo ezithintwa kakhulu njengezinkinobho zezicabha nama-remote zidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo ukuze kuqedwe amagciwane.

Isinyathelo sesihlanu sisekelwe ekukhathazekeni okukhulayo mayelana nokumelana nama-antibiotic. Gwema isidingo sama-antibiotics ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Amasosha omzimba wengane angathuthukiswa ngokungeza ukudla okuqinisa umzimba ekudleni. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izithelo ezisawolintshi, ama-apula nobhanana.

Lezi zinqubo zokukhucululwa kwendle zisetshenziselwa ukuvusa ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila enempilo. Isifiso sokunciphisa umthwalo wesifo esithathelwanayo esivamile ngeke siphele nje ngezinyathelo ezi-5 kodwa kunalokho sisho ukuqala kwesiko elizodluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.