Chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chomwe chimasintha ma cell stem cell kukhala ma cell omwe amapanga insulin

Ofufuza ku Washington University School of Medicine ku St. Louis ndi Harvard apanga maselo otulutsa insulin kuchokera ku maselo oyambira omwe amachokera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba (T1D), kutanthauza kuti njira yatsopano yochizira T1D sikhala kutali kwambiri mtsogolo. .

Type 1 shuga mellitus komanso kuthekera kwa chithandizo chamunthu payekha

Type 1 shuga mellitus (T1D) ndi vuto lomwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimawononga maselo a pancreatic otulutsa insulini - maselo a beta mu minofu ya islet - zomwe zimapangitsa kapamba kulephera kupanga insulini yokwanira kuti shuga azikhala wokhazikika. 

Ngakhale pali mankhwala omwe alipo kale kuti athandize odwala kuthana ndi vutoli - monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kusintha kwa zakudya, kubaya insulini nthawi zonse, ndi kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa magazi - palibe mankhwala ochiritsira.

Komabe, zomwe zapezeka zatsopanozi zikuwonetsa kuti chithandizo chamunthu cha T1D chikhoza kupezeka posachedwa: zimadalira maselo amtundu wa odwala T1D kuti apange maselo atsopano a beta omwe amapanga insulin kuti athandizire kuwongolera shuga, motero amakhala chithandizo chodziyimira pawokha kwa wodwala ndikuchotsa kufunikira kwa jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse.

Kafukufuku ndi kupambana kwa kusiyana kwa ma cell mu labotale Ku Vivo ndi In Vitro kuyezetsa

Ofufuza ku Washington University School of Medicine adawonetsa kuti maselo atsopano opangidwa kuchokera ku maselo oyambira amatha kupanga insulin akakumana ndi shuga wa glucose. Maselo atsopanowo anayesedwa mu vivo pa mbewa ndi mu m'galasi m'zikhalidwe, komanso muzochitika zonse ziwiri, ofufuza adapeza kuti amatulutsa insulini poyankha shuga.

Kafukufuku wa asayansi adasindikizidwa mu Magazini ya Nature Communications pa Meyi 10, 2016:

"Mwachidziwitso, ngati titha kusintha maselo owonongeka mwa anthuwa ndi maselo atsopano a pancreatic beta - omwe ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusunga ndikutulutsa insulini kuti athe kuwongolera shuga m'magazi - odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba sangafunikirenso kuwombera insulin," adatero. adatero Jeffrey R. Millman (PhD), wolemba woyamba ndi pulofesa wothandizira wa mankhwala ndi biomedical engineering ku Washington University School of Medicine. "Maselo omwe tapanga amazindikira kukhalapo kwa shuga ndipo amatulutsa insulini poyankhapo. Ndipo maselo a beta amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yowongolera shuga m'magazi kuposa momwe odwala matenda ashuga angachitire."

Zoyeserera zofananirazi zidachitika kale koma amangogwiritsa ntchito maselo amtundu wa anthu omwe alibe shuga. Kupambanaku kudachitika pomwe ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito ma cell a beta amtundu wapakhungu wa odwala omwe ali ndi T1D ndikupeza kuti, ndizotheka kuti maselo amtundu wa T1D azitha kusiyanitsa kukhala ma cell omwe amapanga insulin.

"Panali mafunso okhudza ngati tingapange maselowa kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1," adatero Millman. "Asayansi ena ankaganiza kuti chifukwa minofu idzakhala ikuchokera kwa odwala matenda a shuga, pangakhale zolakwika zomwe zingatilepheretse kuthandizira ma cell stem kusiyanitsa kukhala maselo a beta. Zikuoneka kuti si choncho."

Kukhazikitsa kwa T1D wodwala ma cell a stem cell a beta kuti athe kuchiza matenda a shuga 

Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku ndi zomwe apeza zikuwonetsa lonjezo lalikulu posachedwapa, Millman akuti kufufuza kwina kumafunika kuti zotupa sizipangike chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito maselo a T1D opangidwa ndi odwala. Nthawi zina zotupa zimayamba pakafukufuku wa ma stem cell, ngakhale zoyesa za ofufuza pa mbewa sizinawonetse umboni wa zotupa pakatha chaka ma cell atayikidwa.

Millman akuti maselo a beta opangidwa ndi stem cell amatha kukhala okonzeka kuyesedwa kwa anthu pafupifupi zaka zitatu kapena zisanu. Opaleshoni yocheperako ingaphatikizepo kuyika ma cell pansi pa khungu la odwala, kulola ma cell kulowa m'magazi kuti azitha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

"Zomwe tikuwona ndi njira yoperekera odwala kunja komwe chipangizo china chodzaza ndi ma cell chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu," adatero Millman.

Millman ananenanso kuti njira yatsopanoyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m’njira zosiyanasiyana pofuna kuchiza matenda ena. Popeza zoyeserera za Millman ndi anzawo zatsimikizira kuti ndizotheka kusiyanitsa ma cell a beta ku maselo amtundu wa T1D, Millman akuti mwina njira imeneyi imagwiranso ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya matendawa - kuphatikiza  (koma osati malire ku) Type 2 shuga mellitus, neonatal diabetes (shuga mwa ana obadwa kumene), ndi Wolfram Syndrome.

Sizingakhale zotheka kuchiza T1D pakapita zaka zingapo, komanso zitha kukhala zotheka kupanga mankhwala atsopano okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga komanso kuyesa momwe mankhwala a shuga amagwirira ntchito pama cell osiyanitsidwa ndi ma cell a odwalawa.