Iqiniso lama-drones ebhizinisi elizimele

I-Amazon kanye nezinkampani ezahlukahlukene ziye zacabanga ngama-drones azosiza emisebenzini ehlukahlukene njengokulethwa kwamaphasela kanye nokuthungula kwezitshalo. Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zama-drones okuboniswa isicelo sazo sezempi kudluliselwe Emhlabeni Wezinkampani.

Ama-Drones awanakugwenywa: aphethe izinhlobonhlobo zezokuphepha nokuphepha ezingase zibambezele ukuqaliswa kwazo.

Uma kufanele kukholwelwe imibiko yakamuva, maduze nje uzothola izipho ezingaveli ku-Santa phansi kushimula, kodwa ngama-Amazon post-drones ewisa amaphasela -esikhundleni semicibisholo yesihogo somlilo- emnyango wakho.

Eminyakeni emine edlule, ama-drones angenamuntu abelokhu enza amagagasi kwabezindaba kanye nesichazamazwi somphakathi. Njengoba indawo yanda njalo emabuthweni ezizwe ezihlukahlukene ezithuthukile, ama-drones ahlomile aguqule umqondo wempi yesimanje ngokususa umuntu engozini esheshayo: ngokunikeza amandla okunciphisa isitha kumuntu ohlezi ngemuva kwedeskithophu eqhele ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha.

Ngokukhula kokusetshenziswa kwabo kwezempi kanye nokuphumelela kwezindleko ababekuthwala, umphakathi uthathe isithakazelo esikhulu kumqondo we-drones noma ngabe uhambisa i-imeyili; ukufafaza izitshalo emapulazini; noma ukuhlanza ukuchitheka kwezikhali zenuzi. Ungasebenzisa futhi ama-drones ezempi emidlalweni yevidiyo yomuntu wokuqala yabadlali abaningi.

Ngakho-ke ngayo yonke le nkulumo yeningi kanye nentshisekelo kuma-drones, ngokuqinisekile bayingxenye engenakugwemeka yekusasa lethu akunjalo?

Hhayi-ke, mhlawumbe hhayi okwamanje.

Ukufika KweDrone

I-drone yesimanje yezempi yokuqala yasetshenziswa okokuqala ngoFebhuwari wesine 2002 esifundazweni sase-Afghanistan sasePaktia. Kuthiwa kwakuhloswe u-Osama Bin Laden, futhi ngokukaNobhala Wezokuvikela wase-United States ngaleso sikhathi uDonald Rumsfeld, “kwathathwa isinqumo sokuqhunyiswa komcibisholo wesihogo somlilo. Yaxoshwa.”

Mhlawumbe ku-harbinger yezinto ezizayo, u-Osama Bin Laden akazange ashaywe. Amaphekula okusolwa ukuthi nawo awashayiwe. Esikhundleni salokho, izisulu zalokhu kuhlasela kwendiza okungalawuleki kwakungabantu bendawo ababephuma beqoqa izinsimbi ukuze bazithengise.

Ngaphambi kwalesi siteleka, ama-drones abehlale esetshenziswa ngendlela yokweseka, okungenzeka ukuthi kwakuyisandulela sangaphambi kwesikhathi sombono wokulethwa kwe-imeyili nokuthungula izitshalo. Lesi siteleka sibe ngesokuqala esaklanywa njengomsebenzi ‘wokubulala’ ongagunyaziwe, futhi esokuqala ukukhetha nokunqanda okuhlosiwe kusukela ezinkulungwaneni zamamayela kude.

Indoda eyadala i-Predator Drone kanye nezandulela zayo, u-Abe Karem, wayengunjiniyela owaqala ngebutho lezempi lakwa-Israeli: ekuqaleni wayezimisele ukwakha i-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ewusizo futhi enokwethenjelwa eyayingekho engcupheni yokuphahlazeka. Ngokudalwa kokhokho ku-Predator, okuthiwa u-Amber, yena nethimba lakhe lonjiniyela bakwazi ukundiza i-UAV eyodwa amahora angu-650 ngaphandle kokuphahlazeka okukodwa. Yize inkontileka yalawa ma-Amber UAV yakhanselwa ngo-1988, ukushintshela kancane ezimpini zamarobhothi kwase kuqalile.

Phakathi nezimpi zaseBalkan ngawo-1990, i-Clinton Administration yaqala ukufuna izindlela zokuqapha ukungqubuzana. Ngemuva kwalokho isikhulu se-CIA uJames Woolsey ukhumbule uKarem, ahlangane naye phambilini futhi athi "uyingcweti kwezamabhizinisi futhi uphila ngokudala," futhi wayala ama-drones amabili afakwe namakhamera ukuthi andize eBosnia futhi adlulisele imininingwane embuthweni wamasosha ase-US e-Albania. . Ukuguqulwa kobunjiniyela okudingekayo ukuze lokhu kwenzeke yilezo ezaholela ngokuqondile kumodeli yePredator, eyayidlange kakhulu enkulungwaneni entsha yeminyaka.

Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Zama-Drones kanye Nokudluliselwa Kwawo Emhlabeni Wezinkampani

Njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-drone kuya ngokuya kugqama njengoba inkulungwane entsha yeminyaka iqhubeka, osomaqhinga, osomnotho nabanye abahlaziyi bathuka izanya mayelana nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zama-drones. Kwakungasadingeki ukuthi abantu babeke izimpilo zabo engozini behlola ababengase baqondise. Okwakujwayele ukudinga amakhulu amahora okuqeqeshwa kwezempi kanye nempahla ebizayo manje kwase kungenziwa ngendiza engenazindiza eyodwa, elawulwa umuntu osebenza endaweni eqhele ngezinkulungwane zamamayela.

Lokhu kuphumelela kwezindleko yikho okwenza ama-drones ahehe kangaka emphakathini, okwenza kube lula ukuguquka kwawo kusuka emkhakheni wezempi. Ezinkampanini ezinjenge-Amazon, i-overhead engasulwa ngokususa isici somuntu ikhanga kakhulu ekuphathweni kwayo okuphezulu. Ngokusuka eqenjini elisebenza ngamandla abantu liye kwelerobhothi, izinkampani ezinjenge-Amazon zibheka inzuzo enkulu.

Akuyona i-Amazon kuphela ebilokhu ikhala ngethemba labasebenzi abasebenza nge-drone. AmaVenture Capitalists bebelokhu bephusha umqondo wamadrone alethela i-pizza, bekwenzela ukukuthengela nokunye okuningi. Ngokunjalo, iVenture Capital ibizimisele ngokutshala imali kwezobuchwepheshe, ifaka amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-79 - ngaphezu kokuphinda kabili ukutshalwa kwezimali kuka-2012 - kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene be-drone kulo nyaka kuphela. Abakhiqizi bamarobhothi nabo balibonile lelo nani lenyuka laya ku-$174 million.

Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya ukulethwa kanye nokuthuthwa kwezitshalo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-drone kuye kwavinjwa abomthetho e-United States, nokusetshenziswa okusukela ekugadweni komphakathi kuya ekulawuleni isixuku ngesisi esikhalisa izinyembezi nezinhlamvu zenjoloba.

Kalula nje, uma kufanele kukholwelwe onxiwankulu, izinhlangano kanye nabahlaziyi bezomnotho, ama-drones agcwalisa izindima abantu abazigcwalise amakhulu eminyaka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kuqinisekile.

Naphezu kokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulayo kubuchwepheshe be-drone kanye nokusetshenziswa kwabo okuningi kwethiyori, kube nezinkulumo ezincane ngezingozi ezingaba khona zama-drones ahlala esibhakabhakeni.

Nakuba kulula ngathi ukubona ngeso lengqondo amarobhothi amancane ephonsa amaphasela emnyango wethu, kunezinkinga eziningi ezingokoqobo nezinengqondo ezingakhinyabeza ukugcwaliseka kobuchwepheshe be-drone ngezinga elibanzi. Futhi lezi zithiyo zingathi zingamisa ukusakazeka kwama-drones ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale.

'Izindleko' Zangempela zamaDrones

Yize impikiswano ngama-drones ibikade iphoqelekile ukuthi isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele kwezempi, ukubonakala kwawo okwanda njalo kuholele ekutheni kubuzwe imibuzo efanayo kuma-drones omphakathi.

Mhlawumbe inkinga enkulu ngama-drones endizayo emadolobheni amakhulu aseNyakatho Melika inamasistimu awo okulandelela kanye nekhono lawo lokuzulazula esibhakabhakeni samadolobha amakhulu amakhulu. Kuyinto eyodwa ukuletha umthwalo okhokhelwayo ezintabeni nasezingwadule ezingenabantu abaningi, futhi okunye ukugwema izintambo zikagesi ezihlukahlukene, izindiza zezentengiselwano kanye nokuhlala kakhulu kunoma yiliphi idolobha elikhulu. Akekho noyedwa owake wazihlupha ngokuthinta udaba lokulethwa kwebhokisi le-P.O.

Omunye unjiniyela okwaxoxwa naye ngalolu cezu uthi, “yize i-Amazon ithi kusasele iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ukuletha imeyili emnyango wakho, - ngokombono wobunjiniyela - ubuchwepheshe bokwenza lokho busekude. Kuningi okungaphatheki engicabanga ukuthi kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ngeke sikubone ngezinga elisakazwayo manje. ”

I-Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) e-United States, elawula ukusetshenziswa kwezindiza emphakathini, inikezwe umnqamulajuqu wekota yesine ka-2015 yingqungquthela yaseMelika ukuthi iqale, "ukuqaliswa okuphephile kwemithetho nomthethonqubo ovumela ukuhlanganiswa okuphephile. yezinhlelo zezindiza ezingenamuntu ezingena ohlelweni lwezwe lomoya.”

Ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe uqobo, imibuzo ehilela ukusetshenziswa komphakathi kwama-drones atholakalayo kwezentengiso izungeza ekuvaleni okuphakeme, ukugebenga, noma amanethiwekhi agcwele ukusika isiginali phakathi ko-opharetha ne-drone, nokunye okuningi.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkinga zethiyori kuphinde kube nodaba lwezinsiza zabantu. Uma ama-drones esetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esifunwa yi-Venture Capitalists and Corporations, izindleko zomuntu zingaba zikhulu. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zemisebenzi ingase ilahlekelwe uxhaxha lwama-drones, futhi lokhu kungase kuzwakale emnothweni njengoba kwenza ukwethulwa kwamarobhothi emgqeni wokuhlanganisa wabakhiqizi bezimoto.

Kodwa isici esingajabulisi kakhulu ukuthi ukuthatha okunjalo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ezinsizeni zabantu kunezinguquko embonini yezimoto ezake zaba nayo. Esikhundleni sokudilizwa kwabasebenzi bokuhlangana kwezimoto, ukwethulwa kwama-drones kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezinsizakalo zeposi ezenziwe ngabantu (njengoba sesiqalile ukubona lapha eCanada), kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuqashwa kwabashayeli bezindiza, abasizi besayensi, kanye ne-heck, pizza abafana.

Njengezinto eziningi eziqanjiwe, ukuqaliswa akuyona into ehlanzekile njengoba singathanda ukukholelwa. Yize lezi zinselelo zibalulekile, udaba olunzima kakhulu okusamele ludingidwe.

Ukubhekwa: Indlela I-Drones Ezoyishintsha Indlela Esibheka Ngayo Ubumfihlo

Lapho abantu baseMelika befaka ikhamera endizeni yabo yokugada eBosnia ngeminyaka yawo-1990, bashintsha indlela ubumfihlo obuzobhekwa ngayo kule nkulungwane entsha. Ngokukhathazeka okubalulekile okuyimfihlo okuphakanyiswe yizibalo ezifana no-Edward Snowden, u-Julian Assange kanye nenethiwekhi yakhe ye-Wikileaks, ubumfihlo bube yisihloko esichazayo kule minyaka eyishumi.

Ngonyaka odlule, izinsolo zokugadwa kwabantu abaningi yi-NSA nezinye izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene ezifana neMicrosoft bezilokhu zenza abezindaba. Ngisho neWorld of Warcraft isanda kuhlukunyezwa yi-NSA. (Ngakho-ke fihla intshe yakho yempi lapho uthola ithuba!)

Ngokutholakala okwandayo kwama-drones, imibuzo iphakanyiswa ngokufanelekile ngokusetshenziswa kwawo ekutholeni idatha yangasese. Ngisho ne-FBI ibhalwe ukuthi, "ukubhekwa kwe-drone okungenawaranti kuvunyelwe ngokomthethosisekelo."

Ngokusatshalaliswa kobuchwepheshe be-drone, kukhona amandla okwanda kokubhekwa kwezakhamizi eziqhubeka nempilo yazo yangasese, futhi akuveli nje kuma-drones zomthetho. Kunokukhathazeka ngokuthi ama-drones okulethwa angasetshenziswa ukuthola ulwazi lomuntu siqu kanye nemikhuba yokuchitha. Kucabange njengenguqulo ye-'Orwellian' yamamephu we-Google, uma i-Google amamephu ingase ibe yi-Orwellian kunalokho eyikho.

Kunezinkinga ezibalulekile ezidinga ukubhekwana nazo ngaphambi kokuba iqiniso kanye nephupho lama-drones livalwe. Nokho nakuba eziningi zalezi zindaba zisobala kubo bonke abantu, kungani kunesiphithiphithi?

I-Amazon Yasithatha Kanjani Inzuzo Yempikiswano Eqhubekayo Yokuziphatha Ngama-Drones Yenzuzo Yemali

 Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, ama-drones aveza udaba olukhulu lokuziphatha kwamasosha nabameli bamalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke. Ngenkathi inkulumompikiswano ye-drone ngokwesiko ibigxile ekusebenziseni kwabo ezempi, i-Amazon yanquma ukwenza imali ngokuthandwa kwama-drones ukuze yandise ukusabalala ngaphambi nje kokuphela kwesizini yezitolo zamaholide.

Njengoba kuphawulwe yiBusiness Insider, i-Amazon ibeke isikhathi ngokucophelela ukukhishwa ukuze kuhambisane nenkathi yamaholide ukuze kwandiswe udumo lomkhiqizo wabo. Ngokusakazwa okuzuzwe cishe kuyo yonke imithombo yezindaba, inani elincane abalikhokhile ukuze indaba isakazwe ku-60 Minutes yenyuse ukuchayeka kwabo ngokuphawulekayo.

Lesi akusona isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi ama-drones asetshenziswe emigqeni yokuthengisa. Amalungu e-Sushi kanye nezinkampani zikabhiya eziletha ubhiya wasemoyeni emikhosini yomculo we-hipster zonke zingene emkhunjini we-drone ukuze zibonakale.

Ingxenye ekhathazayo ngakho konke lokhu ukuthi nazo zonke lezi zinkampani ezitshuza ku-bandwagon yomphakathi, ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha kanye nezimpikiswano eziphathelene nama-drones ezempi kuthathe isihlalo esingemuva. Ngisho muva nje, ama-drones abulale abangenacala emshadweni eYemen. Futhi bebengalindele noma yimaphi amaphakheji avela e-Amazon.