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Njira zochiritsira zowonjezera moyo kuti zikhazikitse chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi: Tsogolo lazachuma P6

David Tal, Wofalitsa, Futurist
@DavidTalWrites
LinkedIn

Lachitatu, 09/16/2020 - 05:54

Tsogolo la Generation X. Tsogolo la millennials. Kukula kwa anthu motsutsana ndi kuwongolera anthu. Chiwerengero cha anthu, kafukufuku wa anthu ndi magulu omwe ali mkati mwawo, amatenga gawo lalikulu pakuumba dziko lathu ndipo ndi mutu womwe timakambirana motalika mu Tsogolo la Chiwerengero cha Anthu zino.

Koma m'nkhani ya zokambiranazi, chiwerengero cha anthu chimagwiranso ntchito mwachindunji posankha thanzi lachuma la dziko. M'malo mwake, munthu amangofunika kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa anthu dziko lililonse kuti liyerekeze kukula kwamtsogolo. Bwanji? Inde, chiwerengero cha anthu m'dziko chikakhala chochepa, m'pamenenso chuma chake chikhoza kukhala champhamvu komanso champhamvu.

Kufotokozera, anthu azaka zawo zapakati pa 20 ndi 30 amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ndikubwereka zambiri kuposa omwe akuyamba zaka zawo zazikulu. Momwemonso, dziko lomwe lili ndi anthu azaka zogwira ntchito (zapakati pa 18-40) litha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zogwirira ntchito kuti ligwiritse ntchito ndalama zopindulitsa kapena chuma chotumizidwa kunja - monga China idachitira m'ma 1980 mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2000. Pakadali pano, mayiko omwe anthu azaka zogwira ntchito akucheperachepera (ahem, Japan) amakonda kuvutika chifukwa chachuma kapena kuchepa kwachuma.

Vuto ndilakuti bowa wa m’maiko otukuka akukalamba mofulumira kuposa mmene amakulira achichepere. Chiŵerengero chawo chikuwonjezeka m’munsi mwa pafupifupi ana 2.1 omwe amafunikira kuti chiwerengero cha anthu chikhale chokhazikika. South America, Europe, Russia, madera ena a Asia, anthu awo akucheperachepera pang'onopang'ono, zomwe malinga ndi malamulo okhazikika azachuma, zikutanthauza kuti chuma chawo chikuyembekezeka kuchepa ndipo pomaliza pake chiwongola dzanja. Vuto linanso chifukwa cha kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono uku ndikukumana ndi ngongole.

Mthunzi wangongole umakhala waukulu

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chodetsa nkhawa chomwe maboma ambiri ali nacho pankhani yaimvi ndi momwe angapitirizire ndalama za Ponzi zotchedwa Social Security. Kuchuluka kwa imvi kumakhudzanso mapulogalamu a penshoni okalamba moyipa akakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa olandira (zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano) komanso pamene olandirawo achotsa zonena kuchokera kudongosolo kwa nthawi yayitali (vuto lomwe likupitilira lomwe limadalira kupita patsogolo kwachipatala mkati mwa dongosolo lathu lachipatala. ).

Nthawi zambiri, palibe chilichonse mwazinthu ziwirizi chomwe chingakhale vuto, koma kuchuluka kwa anthu masiku ano kukupanga mkuntho wabwino kwambiri.

Choyamba, mayiko ambiri a Kumadzulo amapereka ndondomeko zawo za penshoni pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolipira yomwe imagwira ntchito pokhapokha ndalama zatsopano zilowetsedwa m'dongosolo kudzera mu chuma chochuluka komanso ndalama za msonkho zatsopano kuchokera kwa nzika zomwe zikukula. Tsoka ilo, pamene tikulowa m'dziko lomwe lili ndi ntchito zochepa (zofotokozedwa m'nkhani yathu Tsogolo la Ntchito series) ndipo chiŵerengero cha anthu chikucheperachepera m’maiko ambiri otukuka, mtundu wa malipiro otere udzayamba kutha mafuta, mwina kugwa chifukwa cha kulemera kwake.

Kufooka kwina kwachitsanzochi kumawoneka pamene maboma omwe amapereka ndalama zothandizira chitetezo cha anthu akuganiza kuti ndalama zomwe akuikira pambali zidzawonjezeka pa kukula kwapakati pa anayi mpaka asanu ndi atatu peresenti pachaka. M’mawu ena, maboma amayembekezera kuti dola iliyonse imene asunga idzaŵirikiza kaŵiri zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zilizonse.

Izi sizirinso chinsinsi. Kutheka kwa mapulani athu a penshoni ndi nkhani yomwe timakambirana mobwerezabwereza nthawi ya chisankho chatsopano. Izi zimapereka chilimbikitso kwa achikulire kuti apume msanga pantchito kuti ayambe kutolera macheke a penshoni pomwe dongosololi likukhalabe ndi ndalama zokwanira—potero akufulumizitsa tsiku limene mapulogalamuwa adzathe.

Kupatula ndalama zamapulogalamu athu apenshoni, palinso zovuta zina zomwe anthu akuchedwa kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

Kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito kungayambitse kukwera kwa malipiro m'magawo omwe amachedwa kutengera makompyuta ndi makina odzichitira okha;
Kuwonjezeka kwa misonkho kwa achichepere kuti apeze ndalama zapenshoni, zomwe zingapangitse kuti achinyamata asamagwire ntchito;
Kukula kwakukulu kwa boma kudzera pakuwonjezera ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo ndi penshoni;
Chuma chocheperako, monga mibadwo yolemera kwambiri (Civics ndi Boomers), imayamba kuwononga ndalama zambiri kuti zithandizire zaka zawo zopuma pantchito;
Kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira chuma chambiri chifukwa ndalama zapenshoni za anthu wamba zimasiya kupeza ndalama zabizinesi ndi ma venture capital deals kuti athe kupeza ndalama za penshoni za mamembala awo; ndi
Kukwera kwa mitengo kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mayiko ang'onoang'ono adzakakamizika kusindikiza ndalama kuti athe kulipira mapologalamu awo akugwa.

Tsopano, ngati inu kuwerenga chaputala chapitacho kuti anafotokoza Zowonjezera Zachilengedwe (UBI), mutha kuganiza kuti UBI yamtsogolo ikhoza kuthana ndi nkhawa zonse zomwe zanenedwa pano. Vuto ndiloti chiwerengero chathu chikhoza kukalamba UBI isanavoteredwe kukhala malamulo m'mayiko ambiri okalamba padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo pazaka khumi zoyambirira kukhalapo, UBI ilandila ndalama zambiri kudzera mumisonkho, kutanthauza kuti kutheka kwake kudzadalira anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito. Popanda antchito achichepere awa, kuchuluka kwa UBI ya munthu aliyense kumatha kutsika kuposa momwe kumafunikira kukwaniritsa zofunikira.

Mofananamo, ngati inu kuwerenga mutu wachiwiri Pamndandanda uwu wa Tsogolo la Chuma, ndiye kuti mungakhale mukuganiza kuti kukwera kwa mitengo kwa chiwerengero cha anthu otuwa kungathe kutsutsana ndi ukadaulo wa deflationary compression womwe udzakhazikitse pachuma chathu pazaka makumi zikubwerazi.

Zomwe zokambirana zathu za UBI ndi deflation zikusowa, komabe, ndikutuluka kwa gawo latsopano la sayansi yazaumoyo, lomwe lingathe kukonzanso chuma chonse.

Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa moyo

Pofuna kuthana ndi bomba lachitetezo cha anthu, maboma ayesa kukhazikitsa njira zingapo zoyesera kuti tisunge chitetezo chathu chamtundu wa anthu. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kukulitsa zaka zopuma pantchito, kupanga mapulogalamu atsopano ogwirizana ndi okalamba, kulimbikitsa mabizinesi amunthu payekhapayekha, kuwonjezera kapena kupanga misonkho yatsopano, inde, UBI.

Pali njira ina imodzi yomwe maboma ena angagwiritse ntchito: chithandizo chowonjezera moyo.

Tinalemba mwatsatanetsatane za kukulitsa moyo wopitilira muyeso wam'mbuyomu, kunena mwachidule, makampani opanga biotech akupita patsogolo modabwitsa pakufuna kwawo kufotokozeranso ukalamba monga matenda omwe angapewedwe m'malo mokhala chinthu chosapeŵeka chamoyo. Njira zomwe akuyesera nazo zimaphatikizapo mankhwala atsopano a senolytic, kusintha ziwalo, chithandizo cha majini, ndi nanotechnology. Ndipo pamlingo womwe gawo la sayansi likupita patsogolo, njira zowonjezera moyo wanu pofika zaka zambiri zidzakhala zopezeka pofika kumapeto kwa 2020s.

Poyambirira, machiritso owonjezera moyo waubwanawa adzapezeka kwa olemera okha, koma pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 2030, pamene sayansi ndi zamakono kumbuyo kwawo zimagwera pamtengo, mankhwalawa adzakhala ofikirika kwa onse. Pakadali pano, maboma oganiza zamtsogolo angangophatikiza machiritsowa m'malipiro awo azaumoyo. Ndipo kwa maboma osaganiza bwino, osagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera moyo idzakhala nkhani yamakhalidwe abwino yomwe anthu azitha kuvota.

Ngakhale kusinthaku kudzakulitsa ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo (zowonetsa kwa osunga ndalama), kusunthaku kudzathandizanso maboma kukankhira mpira patsogolo zikafika pothana ndi vuto la nzika zawo. Kuti masamu akhale osavuta, lingalirani izi motere:

Lipirani mabiliyoni kuti muwonjezere moyo wogwira ntchito wathanzi wa nzika;
Sungani mabiliyoni ena pochepetsa ndalama zomwe maboma ndi achibale amawononga posamalira akuluakulu;
Pangani mathililiyoni (ngati ndinu US, China, kapena India) pazachuma poonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito m'dzikomo akugwira ntchito ndikugwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri.

Zachuma zimayamba kuganiza nthawi yayitali

Kungoganiza kuti tikusintha kupita kudziko lomwe aliyense amakhala ndi moyo wautali (mwachitsanzo, mpaka 120) wokhala ndi matupi amphamvu, aunyamata, mibadwo yamakono ndi yamtsogolo yomwe ingasangalale ndi izi ayenera kuganiziranso momwe amakonzera moyo wawo wonse.

Masiku ano, kutengera moyo womwe anthu ambiri amayembekezeka pafupifupi zaka 80-85, anthu ambiri amatsatira njira yoyambira moyo yomwe mumakhala kusukulu ndikuphunzira ntchito mpaka zaka 22-25, yambitsani ntchito yanu ndikulowa nthawi yayitali. - ubale wazaka 30, yambitsani banja ndikugula ngongole ndi 40, kulera ana anu ndikusunga ndalama zopuma pantchito mpaka mutakwanitsa zaka 65, kenako mumapuma pantchito, kuyesa kusangalala ndi zaka zomwe zatsalazo powononga dzira lanu mosamalitsa.

Komabe, ngati moyo woyembekezeredwawo ufikira 120 kapena kupitilira apo, njira yamoyo yomwe tafotokozayi imathetsedwa. Poyambira, padzakhala kupanikizika kochepa kuti:

Yambitsani maphunziro anu akusekondale mutangomaliza kusekondale kapena kupanikizika pang'ono kuti mumalize digiri yanu molawirira.
Yambani ndikumamatira ku ntchito imodzi, kampani kapena mafakitale chifukwa zaka zanu zogwirira ntchito zimakulolani kuti mukhale ndi ntchito zingapo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Kukwatiwa msanga, zomwe zimatsogolera ku nthawi yotalikirapo ya chibwenzi chongoyembekezera; ngakhale lingaliro la maukwati amuyaya liyenera kuganiziridwanso, lomwe lingathe kusinthidwa ndi mapangano a zaka makumi ambiri omwe amazindikira kusakhazikika kwa chikondi chenicheni pa moyo wautali.
Khalani ndi ana adakali aang'ono, chifukwa amayi amatha kuthera zaka zambiri kuti akhazikitse ntchito zodziimira okha popanda kudandaula kuti adzakhala osabereka.
Ndipo iwalani za kupuma pantchito! Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali womwe umafikira manambala atatu, muyenera kugwira ntchito bwino mu manambala atatuwo.

Kugwirizana pakati pa chiwerengero cha anthu ndi kuchotsedwa kwa GDP

Ngakhale kuchepa kwa anthu sikuli koyenera pa GDP ya dziko, sizikutanthauza kuti GDP ya dzikolo idzatha. Ngati dziko lipanga ndalama zoyendetsera maphunziro ndi zokolola, ndiye kuti pa munthu aliyense GDP ikhoza kukula ngakhale kutsika kwa anthu. Masiku ano, makamaka, tikuwona ziwopsezo zakuchulukirachulukira chifukwa cha luntha lochita kupanga komanso kupanga makina (mitu yomwe yafotokozedwa m'mitu yam'mbuyomu).

Komabe, ngati dziko likuganiza zopanga ndalamazi zimadalira kwambiri momwe amalamulira komanso ndalama zomwe ali nazo kuti akweze ndalama zawo. Zinthu zimenezi zikhoza kubweretsa tsoka m’mayiko osankhidwa a ku Africa, Middle East, ndi Asia omwe ali ndi ngongole zambiri, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi olamulira achinyengo, komanso amene chiwerengero chawo chikuyembekezeka kuchulukirachulukira pofika m’chaka cha 2040. M’mayiko amenewa, kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha anthu kungayambitse ngozi yaikulu. pamene maiko olemera, otukuka owazungulira akupitirizabe kulemera.

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chiwerengero cha anthu

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2040, pamene chithandizo chowonjezera moyo chidzakhazikika, aliyense m'deralo adzayamba kuganiza mozama za momwe amakonzera moyo wawo-njira yatsopanoyi yoganizira idzadziwitsa momwe adzavotere komanso zomwe angavotere, kwa omwe adzawagwirira ntchito. , ndipo ngakhale zimene amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zawo.

Kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kumeneku kudzalowa m'malo mwa atsogoleri ndi oyang'anira maboma ndi mabungwe omwe adzasintha pang'onopang'ono kasamalidwe kawo ndi bizinesi kuti aganizire nthawi yayitali. Pamlingo wina, izi zipangitsa kupanga zisankho komwe sikukhala kopupuluma komanso kudana ndi chiwopsezo, potero kuwonjezera kukhazikika kwachuma kwanthawi yayitali.

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthaku ndi kutha kwa mwambi wodziwika bwino wakuti 'chiwerengero cha anthu ndicho tsogolo la anthu.' Ngati anthu onse ayamba kukhala ndi moyo wautali (kapena kukhala ndi moyo kosatha), ubwino wachuma wa dziko limodzi lokhala ndi anthu ochepa pang'ono umayamba kuchepa, makamaka pamene kupanga zinthu kumayamba kugwira ntchito.