Kuyenda panyanja: Kuyandama dziko labwinoko kapena kuyandama kutali ndi misonkho?

• Author:
• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• November 9, 2021

Kuyenda panyanja, gulu lofuna kumanga madera odziyimira pawokha, odziyimira pawokha panyanja yotseguka, likupeza chidwi ngati gawo lazatsopano komanso njira zothetsera kuchulukirachulukira kwamatauni komanso kuthana ndi miliri. Komabe, otsutsa amagogomezera zinthu zomwe zingachitike, monga kuzemba misonkho, kuwopseza ulamuliro wa dziko, ndi kusokoneza chilengedwe komwe kungachitike. Lingaliroli likamasinthika, limabweretsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pakulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wokhazikika mpaka kupangitsa kusintha kwa malamulo apanyanja.

Nkhani yokhazikika

Mayendedwe oyenda panyanja, opangidwa mu 2008 ndi Patri Friedman, wochirikiza ku America wa anarcho-capitalism, adakhazikitsidwa pakupanga madera oyandama, odziyimira pawokha, komanso odzidalira m'madzi otseguka. Maderawa, omwe amaganiziridwa kuti achotsedwa kumadera okhazikitsidwa kapena kuyang'anira zamalamulo, adzutsa chidwi cha oyang'anira zaukadaulo ku Silicon Valley. Ambiri m’gululi amanena kuti malamulo aboma kaŵirikaŵiri amalepheretsa kuganiza mozama ndi kulingalira zamtsogolo. Amawona kuyenda panyanja ngati njira ina yopangira zatsopano zopanda malire, chilengedwe chomwe msika waulere ungathe kugwira ntchito popanda zopinga zakunja.

Ngakhale zili choncho, otsutsa za kayendedwe ka nyanja akuganiza kuti malamulo omwewo apanyanja akuyembekeza kuthawa akuphatikizapo zofunikira zachuma monga misonkho. Amanena kuti oyenda panyanja amatha kugwira ntchito ngati akatswiri otuluka misonkho, pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro omasuka ngati chotchingira utsi kuti apewe udindo wazachuma komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2019, banja lidayesa kukhazikitsa bwalo lanyanja pafupi ndi gombe la Thailand kuti apewe msonkho. Iwo, komabe, adakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu zamalamulo kuchokera ku boma la Thailand, kuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zimayenderana ndi malamulo amtunduwu.

Komanso, kuchuluka kwa anthu oyenda panyanja kwachititsanso kuti maboma ena aziona kuti madera oyenda panyanja odzilamulirawa ndi zinthu zimene zingawononge ulamuliro wawo. Maboma adziko, monga a French Polynesia, komwe ntchito yoyendetsa nyanja idakhazikitsidwa ndikusiyidwa pambuyo pake mu 2018, awonetsa kukayikira za momwe mayendedwe apanyanja akuyenda. Mafunso okhudza ulamuliro, kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe, ndi nkhawa zachitetezo zimapereka zovuta zomwe gulu loyendetsa nyanja liyenera kuthana nalo kuti lizindikiridwe ngati njira yovomerezeka.

Zosokoneza

Popeza ntchito zakutali zakhala chinsinsi cha mabizinesi ambiri, lingaliro lakuyenda panyanja lakhala ndi chidwi chatsopano, makamaka pakati pa "aquapreneurs," amalonda aukadaulo odzipereka pakufufuza zam'nyanja zazikulu. Ndi anthu omwe akupeza chitonthozo chatsopano pogwira ntchito kulikonse, chidwi cha madera amadzi odziyimira pawokha chakula. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ngakhale kuti kuyambika kwa kayendedwe ka nyanja kunali ndi malingaliro osiyana pa ndale, ambiri omwe amawalimbikitsa tsopano akusintha maganizo awo ku ntchito zothandiza komanso zomwe zingakhale zopindulitsa za lingaliro la panyanjali.

Collins Chen, yemwe amatsogolera Oceanix City, kampani yodzipereka pantchito yomanga mizinda yoyandama, amawona kuyenda panyanja ngati njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la kuchuluka kwa anthu m'matauni padziko lonse lapansi. Iye akunena kuti kuyenda panyanja kungakhale kopindulitsa ku chilengedwe mwa kuchepetsa kufunika kodula nkhalango ndi kukonzanso nthaka, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kukulitsa madera akumidzi. Popanga madera odzisamalira okha panyanja, zida zofunikira monga zipatala ndi masukulu zitha kupangidwa popanda kuwononganso nthaka. 

Mofananamo, kampani ya Ocean Builders, yomwe ili ku Panama, ikuganiza kuti madera apanyanja atha kupereka njira zowongolera zothana ndi miliri yamtsogolo. Maderawa atha kutsata njira zodzipatula popanda kufunika kotseka malire kapena kutseka mzindawo, kusunga thanzi la anthu komanso ntchito zachuma. Mliri wa COVID-19 watsimikizira kufunikira kwa njira zosinthika komanso zosinthika, ndipo lingaliro la Ocean Builders litha kupereka yankho latsopano, ngakhale losazolowereka, ku zovuta zotere.

Zotsatira za kuyenda panyanja

Zowonjezereka za kuyenda panyanja zingaphatikizepo:

• Maboma akuyang'ana mizinda yoyandama ngati njira zothetsera ziwopsezo zakukwera kwa nyanja.
• Anthu olemera a m'tsogolo ndi magulu apadera omwe amamanga maiko odziimira okha, ofanana ndi mayiko a zilumba.
• Mapulojekiti a zomangamanga omwe amaphatikizapo mapangidwe owonjezereka a modular ndi madzi.
• Opereka mphamvu zokhazikika akuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa ndi mphepo kuchokera kunyanja kuti zithandizire maderawa.
• Maboma akuwunikanso ndikukonzanso malamulo ndi malamulo apanyanja omwe alipo kale, zomwe zimalimbikitsa zokambirana zofunikira padziko lonse lapansi komanso zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale malamulo ogwirizana komanso ophatikizana ndi mayiko.
• Madera oyandama akukhala malo atsopano azachuma, kukopa anthu aluso komanso kulimbikitsa kukula kwachuma, zomwe zimabweretsa misika yatsopano yazantchito ndi malo antchito.
• Kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu monga kuyenda panyanja kumakhala makamaka kwa anthu olemera ndi mabungwe.
• Nkhawa za chilengedwe kuchokera ku kukhazikitsidwa kwa madera akuluakulu oyandama, chifukwa kumanga ndi kukonza kwawo kungasokoneze zachilengedwe za m'nyanja.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mungalole kukhala m'madera am'nyanja? Chifukwa chiyani?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti zotsatira za kuyenda panyanja pazamoyo za m'madzi n'zotani?