Idatha encane: Iyini nokuthi ihluke kanjani kudatha enkulu

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• April 7, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Idatha encane iguqula indlela amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo asebenza ngayo, iwavumela ukuthi enze izinqumo zamaqhinga anemininingwane eyake yagcinelwa izinkampani ezinkulu. Kusukela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezinoveli ezithuthukisa ukukhiqiza komuntu siqu kuya ezibhedlela zasemakhaya ezithuthukisa ukufinyeleleka kokunakekelwa kwezempilo, idatha encane isiba ithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Imithelela yesikhathi eside yale threndi ihlanganisa izinguquko ekuziphatheni kwabathengi, ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi akonga izindleko amabhizinisi, kanye nokwesekwa kukahulumeni kwezomnotho wendawo.

Ingqikithi yedatha encane

Idatha encane iwukuhlukaniswa kwedatha ibe amasethi amancane, amavolumu, noma amafomethi angahlaziywa ngesofthiwe evamile futhi abantu abangayiqonda kalula. Idatha enkulu, uma kuqhathaniswa, amasethi edatha amakhulu izinhlelo zedatha ezivamile noma izindlela zezibalo ezingakwazi ukuwaphatha, kunalokho adinga isofthiwe ekhethekile (kanye namakhompyutha amakhulu) ukuthi ahlaziywe futhi acutshungulwe.

Igama elithi idatha encane laqanjwa abacwaningi be-IBM ngo-2011, okuyidatha emelwe kumasethi wedatha angaphansi kwemigqa noma amakholomu ayinkulungwane. Amasethi edatha amancane mancane ngokwanele ukuthi angahlaziywa ngokulinganisa okulula kanye namathuluzi edijithali afinyeleleka kalula. Idatha encane ingase futhi ibe amasethi edatha amakhulu ahlukaniswe ngezinga lokuthi afinyeleleke, aqondeke, futhi akwazi ukusetshenzwa ngabantu.

Idatha encane ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa kanye nemininingwane yesimo samanje ukuze ibhizinisi lenze izinqumo ezisheshayo noma zesikhashana. Uma kuqhathaniswa, idatha enkulu ingahlelwa futhi ingahlelwanga amasethi edatha amakhulu ngosayizi futhi anganikeza imininingwane ehlobene namasu ebhizinisi lesikhathi eside. Idatha enkulu futhi idinga isofthiwe eyinkimbinkimbi namakhono ukukhiqiza le mininingwane, ngakho-ke, kungase kubize kakhulu ukuphatha.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ukusetshenziswa kwedatha encane ezinqubweni zokwenza izinqumo kuba yithuluzi elibalulekile lamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, njengezindawo zokudlela, amabha, namasaluni ezinwele. Lawa mabhizinisi ngokuvamile adinga ukwenza izinqumo zamaqhinga nsuku zonke noma masonto onke, futhi idatha encane iwanikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ngaphandle kobunzima noma izindleko zedatha enkulu. Ngokuhlaziya ukuziphatha kwamakhasimende, amathrendi okuthengisa, nolunye ulwazi olufanele, idatha encane ingasiza abaholi bebhizinisi ekunqumeni usayizi wabasebenzi, amasu entengo, kanye namandla okuvula amagatsha amasha.

Izinkampani zobuchwepheshe ziyawabona amandla edatha encane futhi zisebenzela ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi abiza kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalawa mathuluzi kungaholela enkundleni esezingeni eliphezulu, lapho amabhizinisi amancane engakwazi ukuncintisana ngempumelelo nozakwabo abakhulu. Kodwa-ke, inselele isekudaleni amathuluzi asebenziseka kalula futhi enzelwe izidingo ezithile zezimboni ezahlukene, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awagcini nje ngokuthengeka kodwa futhi ayasebenza futhi abalulekile.

Kohulumeni, ukukhuphuka kwedatha encane kunikeza ithuba lokweseka umnotho wendawo kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhula emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwedatha encane kanye nokusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi afanelana nezidingo zamabhizinisi amancane, ohulumeni bangasiza ekwakheni indawo yebhizinisi eguquguqukayo futhi esabelayo. Nokho, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kucatshangwe mayelana nobumfihlo nokuphepha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqoqwa nokusetshenziswa kwedatha kwenziwa ngokuzibophezela. Ukufundisa amabhizinisi ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu kanye nokunikeza imihlahlandlela kungabaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi le threndi isetshenziswa ngempumelelo, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukwethembana nobuqotho obubalulekile empumelelweni yebhizinisi.

Imithelela yedatha encane 

Imithelela ebanzi yedatha encane ingase ihlanganise:

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezinoveli nezisizi zezwi ezibonakalayo ezisiza abantu ukwenza izinqumo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokusebenzisa isikhathi, okuholela ekukhiqizeni okuthuthukisiwe komuntu siqu kanye nendlela yokuphila elinganiselayo.
• Amabhizinisi asebenzisa idatha encane ukuze enze lula ukukhokhelwa kwawo kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla, okuholela ezindlekweni zokusebenza ezithuthukisiwe kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka olusabela kakhudlwana.
• Izibhedlela zasemakhaya zisebenzisa idatha encane ukuze zilawule idatha yesiguli ngempumelelo futhi zinikeze izinsizakalo zezokwelapha, okuholela ekufinyelelekeni kokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nekhwalithi ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi edatha amancane asebenziseka kalula aqondise izimboni ezithile, okuholela emakethe enokuncintisana kakhudlwana lapho amabhizinisi amancane engenza izinqumo eziqhutshwa idatha ngokulingana nezinkampani ezinkulu.
• Ohulumeni abasekela ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kwedatha encane ngokusebenzisa izinxephezelo nemithethonqubo, okuholela kumkhakha wamabhizinisi amancane onempilo kanye nokukhula komnotho okungaba khona emiphakathini yendawo.
• Ukugxila okwengeziwe kubumfihlo nokuvikeleka ekuqoqweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwedatha encane, okuholela ekusungulweni kwemithetho emisha namazinga avikela amalungelo abantu ngabanye ngaphandle kokuvimbela ukusungulwa kwebhizinisi.
• Ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwabathengi njengoba amabhizinisi amancane eba nekhono ngokwengeziwe ekwenzeni izinsiza eziqondene nawe nemikhiqizo ngemininingwane emincane yedatha, okuholela ekuzizwiseni kokuthenga okuklanyelwe nokwanelisayo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Yiziphi izibonelo oye wahlangabezana nazo lapho idatha encane yenze amabhizinisi asebenza kahle futhi azuza inzuzo?
• Iyiphi imikhakha ocabanga ukuthi ingazuza kakhulu ngokusebenzisa idatha encane esikhundleni sokusebenzisa idatha enkulu?