Kuzindikira kwa Wi-Fi: Ndi zina ziti zomwe Wi-Fi ingapereke?

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• February 23, 2023

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, Wi-Fi idagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zida. Komabe, ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono ngati radar chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kusintha ndikusintha kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Poona kusokonezeka kwa ma siginecha a Wi-Fi komwe kumachitika munthu akalowa njira yolumikizirana pakati pa rauta yopanda zingwe ndi chipangizo chanzeru, ndizotheka kudziwa malo ndi kukula kwa munthuyo. 

Chidziwitso cha Wi-Fi

Mawayilesi a wailesi ndi chizindikiro cha electromagnetic chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chizitumiza zinthu mumlengalenga mtunda wautali. Mafunde a wailesi nthawi zina amatchedwa ma sigino a Radio Frequency (RF). Zizindikirozi zimanjenjemera kwambiri, zomwe zimawalola kuyenda mumlengalenga ngati mafunde a m'madzi. 

Mafunde a wailesi akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri ndipo amapereka njira zomwe nyimbo zimaulutsidwira pawailesi ya FM komanso momwe mavidiyo amatumizira pawailesi yakanema. Kuphatikiza apo, mafunde a wailesi ndi njira yayikulu yotumizira ma data pa netiweki yopanda zingwe. Ndi ma siginecha ofala a Wi-Fi, mafunde awayilesiwa amatha kuzindikira anthu, zinthu, ndi mayendedwe mpaka pomwe chizindikirocho chimawululira, ngakhale kudzera m'makoma. Zida zanzeru zakunyumba zikawonjezedwa pamanetiweki, m'pamenenso kutumizako kumakhala kosavuta komanso kothandiza kwambiri.

Dera lomwe likuphunziridwa mochulukira pakuzindikirika kwa Wi-Fi ndikuzindikira ndi manja. Malinga ndi Association of Computer Machinery (ACM), kuzindikira kwa chizindikiro cha Wi-Fi kwa manja a munthu ndikotheka chifukwa manja amapanga nthawi zingapo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ku siginecha yolandiridwa. Komabe, vuto lalikulu pomanga dongosolo lodziwika bwino la manja ndiloti mgwirizano pakati pa masitepe aliwonse ndi mndandanda wa kusiyana kwa zizindikiro sizimagwirizana nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe omwewo omwe amachitidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana kapena mosiyanasiyana kumatulutsa zizindikiro zatsopano (zosiyanasiyana).

Zosokoneza

Kufunsira zowonera pa Wi-Fi kumatha kuthandizira kuwongolera kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kutengera kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amakhalapo kapena kuchepetsa kukhalamo panthawi ya mliri. Ma antennas apamwamba kwambiri komanso kuphunzira pamakina kumatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kupuma ndi kugunda kwa mtima. Mwakutero, ofufuza akuyesa momwe matekinoloje a Wi-Fi angagwiritsire ntchito pa maphunziro azachipatala. 

Mwachitsanzo, mu 2017, ofufuza a Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) adapeza njira yojambulira deta yogona m'nyumba ya wodwala popanda waya. Chipangizo chawo chokhala ndi laputopu chimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a wailesi kuti adutse munthu kenako amasanthula zizindikirozo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yanzeru kuti adziwe bwinobwino mmene wodwalayo amagona.

M'malo mongoyang'ana munthu akugona mulabu usiku umodzi uliwonse, chipangizo chatsopanochi chimalola akatswiri kuti aziwunika munthu kwa maola kapena milungu ingapo. Kuphatikiza pa kuthandiza kuzindikira ndi kuphunzira zambiri za vuto la kugona, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pophunzira momwe mankhwala ndi matenda zimakhudzira kugona. Dongosolo la RF limeneli limamasulira magawo ogona ndi 80 peresenti yolondola pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chophatikizira cha kupuma, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi mayendedwe, omwe ali pafupifupi mulingo wofanana ndi mayeso a lab EEG (electroencephalogram).

Kuwonjezeka kwa kutchuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Wi-Fi kuzindikira kwapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa miyezo yatsopano. Mu 2024, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers itulutsa mulingo watsopano wa 802.11 makamaka womvera m'malo molumikizana.

Zotsatira za kuzindikira kwa Wi-Fi

Zotsatira zakuzindikira kwa Wi-Fi zingaphatikizepo: 

• Malo ogulitsa ndi makampani otsatsa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Wi-Fi kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa anthu oyenda pansi ndikuwunika momwe ogula amayendera komanso mawonekedwe awo.
• Kuzindikirika ndi manja kumakhala kodalirika pomwe makina a Wi-Fi amaphunzira kuzindikira mayendedwe ndi mawonekedwe molondola. Kupita patsogolo m'gawoli kudzakhudza momwe ogula amalumikizirana ndi zida zowazungulira.
• Zida zanzeru zochulukirachulukira zomwe zimaphatikizira magwiridwe antchito am'badwo wotsatira a Wi-Fi pamapangidwe awo omwe amathandizira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azigwiritsa ntchito.
• Kafukufuku wowonjezereka wa momwe machitidwe ozindikiritsa a Wi-Fi angagwiritsire ntchito kuyang'anira ziwerengero za umoyo kuti athandizire zovala zachipatala ndi zanzeru.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kafukufuku wazachipatala wopangidwa motengera masensa a Wi-Fi ndi data, kuthandizira kuwunika kwakutali ndi chithandizo.
• Kuchulukirachulukira kwa momwe ma siginecha a Wi-Fi angabetsire kuti atenge zambiri zachipatala ndi zamakhalidwe.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Kodi mukugwiritsa ntchito bwanji ma siginecha anu a Wi-Fi kupitilira intaneti?
• Ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zingachitike pamakina ozindikira ma Wi-Fi omwe akubedwa?