Abasizi bedijithali abatholakala yonke indawo: Ingabe manje sithembele ngokuphelele kubasizi abahlakaniphile?

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• February 23, 2023

Abasizi bedijithali abatholakala yonke indawo yizinhlelo zesoftware ezisiza ngemisebenzi eyahlukene kusetshenziswa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ulimi lwemvelo (NLP). Laba basizi ababonakalayo baya ngokuya baduma futhi basetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ezezimali, kanye nesevisi yamakhasimende.

Ingqikithi yabasizi bedijithali etholakala yonke indawo

Ubhubhane lwango-2020 lwe-COVID-19 luqhubekisele phambili ukukhula kwabasizi bedijithali abakhona yonke indawo njengoba amabhizinisi elwela ukuthuthela emafini ukuze avumele ukufinyelela kude. Imboni yesevisi yamakhasimende, ikakhulukazi, ithole abasizi abahlakaniphile bokufunda komshini (ama-IA) njengabasindisi bempilo, abakwazi ukuthatha izigidi zamakholi futhi benze imisebenzi eyisisekelo, njengokuphendula imibuzo noma ukuhlola amabhalansi e-akhawunti. Kodwa-ke, kusendaweni ehlakaniphile yekhaya/umsizi womuntu siqu lapho abasizi bedijithali sebegxiliswe khona ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. 

I-Alexa yase-Amazon, i-Siri ye-Apple, kanye nomsizi we-Google seziphenduke izinto eziyisisekelo ekuphileni kwesimanje, zisebenza njengabahleli, abahleli, nabaxhumanisi ngendlela yokuphila yesikhathi sangempela eya ngokuya ikhula. Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zalaba basizi bedijithali ikhono labo lokuqonda ngokuqhubekayo nokusabela olimini lwabantu ngokwemvelo nangokunembile. Lesi sici sibenza bakwazi ukusiza ngokushejula ama-aphoyintimenti, ukuphendula imibuzo, nokuqedela okwenziwayo. Abasizi bedijithali abatholakala yonke indawo basetshenziswa ngamadivayisi asebenza ngezwi, njengezipikha ezihlakaniphile nama-smartphone, futhi ahlanganiswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe, njengezimoto nemishini yasendlini. 

Ama-algorithms wokufunda ngomshini (ML), okuhlanganisa ukufunda okujulile namanethiwekhi emizwa, asetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amakhono ama-IA. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela lawa mathuluzi ukuthi afunde futhi avumelane nabasebenzisi bawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, asebenze kahle kakhulu futhi anembe, futhi aqonde futhi aphendule imisebenzi nezicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Ngokucutshungulwa kwenkulumo okuzenzakalelayo (ASP) ne-NLP, ama-chatbots nama-IA asenembe kakhulu ekutholeni inhloso nomuzwa. Ukuze abasizi bedijithali bathuthuke ngokuqhubekayo, kufanele banikezwe izigidi zedatha yokuqeqeshwa eqoqwe ekusebenzelaneni kwansuku zonke nabasizi bedijithali. Kube khona ukwephulwa kwedatha lapho izingxoxo zirekhodwe ngaphandle kolwazi futhi zathunyelwa koxhumana nabo befoni. 

Ochwepheshe bobumfihlo bedatha baphikisana ngokuthi njengoba abasizi bedijithali beba yinto evamile futhi ebalulekile kumathuluzi nezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi, kufanele kusungulwe izinqubomgomo ezicacile zedatha. Isibonelo, i-EU idale iGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) ngokuqondile ukuze iveze indlela ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwedatha okufanele kusingathwe ngayo. Imvume izobaluleka kakhulu kunangaphambili, njengoba izimiso zokuziphatha zithi noma ubani ongena endlini ehlakaniphile egcwele amathuluzi axhumene kufanele aziswe ngokugcwele ukuthi ukunyakaza, ubuso, namazwi alondolozwe futhi ayahlaziywa. 

Noma kunjalo, amandla e-IAs makhulu. Embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo, isibonelo, abasizi ababonakalayo bangasiza ngokuhlela ama-aphoyintimenti nokuphatha amarekhodi esiguli, bakhulule odokotela nabahlengikazi ukuthi bagxile emisebenzini eyinkimbinkimbi nebucayi. Abasizi be-Virtual bangakwazi ukusingatha imibuzo evamile emkhakheni wezinsizakalo zamakhasimende, bathumele amacala kubantu abasebenzela abantu kuphela lapho kuba zobuchwepheshe kakhulu noma kuyinkimbinkimbi. Ekugcineni, kwezentengiselwano nge-inthanethi, ama-IA angasiza amakhasimende ekutholeni imikhiqizo, ukuthenga, kanye nama-oda okulandelela.

Imithelela yabasizi bedijithali abakhona yonke indawo

Imithelela ebanzi yabasizi bedijithali abakhona yonke indawo ingase ihlanganise:

• Abasingathi bedijithali bekhaya abahlakaniphile abakwazi ukuphatha izivakashi futhi banikeze amasevisi ngokusekelwe kulokho abakuthandayo nokuziphatha ku-inthanethi (ikhofi elikhethwayo, umculo, nesiteshi se-TV).
• Imboni yokwamukela izihambi ethembele kakhulu kuma-IA ukuze aphathe izivakashi, ukubhukha, nezinto zokuhamba.
• Amabhizinisi asebenzisa abasizi bedijithali besevisi yamakhasimende, ukuphathwa kobudlelwane, ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, nemikhankaso yokumaketha eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Selokhu kwaqala ukuduma kwenkundla ye-Open AI's ChatGPT ngo-2022, abahlaziyi abaningi bemboni babona izimo zesikhathi esizayo lapho abasizi bedijithali beba abasebenzi bedijithali abenza umsebenzi wekhola emhlophe (kanye nabasebenzi) ube yinkimbinkimbi ephansi.
• Izinkambiso zamasiko nemikhuba evelayo eyakhiwe ukuchayeka isikhathi eside nokusebenzelana nabasizi bedijithali.
• I-IA isiza abantu ukulandelela ukujima kwabo, ukubeka imigomo yokufaneleka, futhi bathole izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziqondene nawe.
• Ohulumeni benza imithetho yokwengamela ukuthi ulwazi lomuntu siqu lusetshenziswa futhi luphathwe kanjani ngabasizi bedijithali.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Ingabe uthembele kubasizi bedijithali ngemisebenzi/imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke?
• Ucabanga ukuthi abasizi bedijithali bazoqhubeka kanjani nokushintsha ukuphila kwesimanje?