Zombo zodziyimira pawokha: Kukwera kwa oyenda panyanja.

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• Dzina la wolemba

  Quantumrun Foresight
• March 15, 2022

Chidule cha chidziwitso

Tsogolo la zombo zonyamula katundu likuwongolera kuyendetsa nokha, zombo zoyendetsedwa ndi AI, ndikuyesetsa kupanga malamulo ndi matekinoloje omwe amathandizira kugwira ntchito motetezeka komanso moyenera. Zombo zodziyimira pawokha izi zimalonjeza kuti zisintha magwiridwe antchito padziko lonse lapansi, kuchepetsa ndalama, kukonza chitetezo, komanso kupanga ntchito zapamadzi kukhala zokopa kwa achinyamata. Kuchokera pakulimbikitsa kuyang'anira panyanja mpaka kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa zombo zodziyimira pawokha kumabweretsa kusintha kovutirapo koma kolimbikitsa momwe katundu amasamutsidwira padziko lonse lapansi.

Zotengera zodziyimira pawokha

Khama likupangidwa kuti lipange zombo zoyendetsa galimoto, zanzeru zopanga nzeru (AI), pamene ndondomeko yalamulo ikuwonekera kuti iwalole kuti azigwira ntchito motetezeka komanso mwalamulo pamadzi apadziko lonse. Sitima zapamadzi zodziyimira pawokha ndi zombo zopanda ntchito zomwe zimanyamula zotengera kapena katundu wochuluka kudzera m'madzi oyendamo osalumikizana pang'ono kapena osalumikizana ndi anthu. Njira zosiyanasiyana ndi magawo odziyimira pawokha atha kukwaniritsidwa limodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira kutali kuchokera pa sitima yapamadzi yapafupi, malo owongolera pamtunda, kapena luntha lochita kupanga ndi kuphunzira makina. Cholinga chachikulu ndikupangitsa chombocho kuti chisankhe njira yoyenera, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zolakwika za anthu komanso zomwe zingathe kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka panyanja.

Nthawi zambiri, zombo zodziyimira pawokha zamitundu yonse zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wofanana ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto odziyendetsa okha komanso oyendetsa okha. Zomverera zimasonkhanitsa deta pogwiritsa ntchito makamera a infrared ndi owoneka bwino, omwe amathandizidwa ndi radar, sonar, lidar, GPS, ndi AIS, zomwe zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pazakuyenda. Deta zina, monga zanyengo, mayendedwe apanyanja akuya, ndi njira zamagalimoto zochokera kumadera akumtunda, zitha kuthandiza sitimayo polemba njira yotetezeka. Detayo imawunikidwa pambuyo pake ndi machitidwe a AI, kaya m'sitimayo kapena kumalo akutali, kuti apangitse njira yabwino kwambiri ndi zisankho, kuwonetsetsa kuti sitimayo imagwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera.

Maboma ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse akugwira ntchito kuti apange malamulo omwe amaonetsetsa kuti zombozi zikugwirizana ndi chitetezo ndi zachilengedwe. Makampani a inshuwaransi, makampani otumiza zombo, ndi opanga ukadaulo akugwirizana kuti amvetsetse kuopsa ndi phindu la mchitidwewu pamayendedwe apanyanja. Pamodzi, izi zikupanga tsogolo lomwe zombo zodziyimira pawokha zitha kukhala zodziwika bwino panyanja zathu, ndikusintha momwe katundu amasamutsidwira padziko lonse lapansi.

Zosokoneza 

Zombo zazikulu zodziyimira pawokha zimatha kusintha zotumiza mwa kukulitsa luso, kutsitsa mtengo, ndikuchepetsa zolakwika za anthu, ndikuchepetsa mtengo munthawi yonse yamayendedwe apanyanja. Zombozi zilinso ndi kuthekera kochepetsa kuchepa kwa anthu ogwira ntchito, kukonza chitetezo, komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Ngakhale pali zovuta monga kudalirika, malamulo osamvetsetseka, zovuta, komanso kuukira kwa intaneti, zombo zodziyimira pawokha zitha kukhala zofala pofika m'ma 2040. Komabe, cholinga chapakati pakatikati ndikupanga machitidwe a AI omwe angathandize kupanga zisankho pazombo zoyendetsedwa ndi anthu.

Kusintha kuchokera pakukhala ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'bwalo kupita ku kukhala ndi akatswiri ogwira ntchito pamtunda kuyang'anira zombo patali ndizotheka kusintha ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi. Kusintha kumeneku kungapangitse kuti pakhale ntchito zatsopano, misika yapaintaneti yobweretsera katundu panyanja, njira zogwirira ntchito zophatikiza ndi kubwereketsa zombo, ndikupanga matekinoloje ena othandiza. Kusintha kwa kasamalidwe kakutali kungathandizenso kuyang'anira ndikusintha nthawi yeniyeni, kupititsa patsogolo kuyankha kwa zotumiza kumisika yamisika ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka monga kusintha kwa nyengo kapena kusamvana kwadziko.

Ntchito zakutali komanso zodziyimira pawokha zitha kuthandizira kusamutsidwa kwa ntchito zomwe zimafuna maphunziro apamwamba ndi luso kupita ku madoko kapena malo ochitirako ntchito zapamtunda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito zapamadzi zikhale zokopa kwa achinyamata omwe amalowa m'gululi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti tiganizirenso za maphunziro apanyanja, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo ndi ntchito zakutali. Zitha kutseguliranso mwayi wogwirizana pakati pamakampani otumiza zombo ndi mabungwe amaphunziro, kulimbikitsa m'badwo watsopano wa akatswiri apanyanja. 

Zotsatira za zombo zodziyimira pawokha

Zowonjezereka za zombo zodziyimira pawokha zingaphatikizepo:

• Mapulatifomu onyamula katundu osavuta, omwe amathandizira kufananitsa ntchito zamagalimoto ndi mitengo.
• Kuthandizira ntchito Zosaka ndi Kupulumutsa (kuyankha ma siginecha a SOS okha ndi njira zoyandikana nazo).
• Kutengera nyengo zam'nyanja monga malipoti a nyengo ndi kuyeza kwa mafunde.
• Kuyang'anitsitsa panyanja komanso chitetezo chamalire.
• Kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo, kuchepetsa ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu pamene kumachepetsa zotsatira za sitima pa chilengedwe.
• Kuchepetsa mpweya wa nitrogen oxide ndi carbon dioxide pochepetsa mayendedwe apamsewu.

Mafunso oyenera kuwaganizira

• Poganizira kuti ma AI-systems amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi ma cyberattacks, kodi mukuganiza kuti zombo zodziyimira pawokha zikuyimira chiwopsezo kuchitetezo cha panyanja?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti kukwera kwa zombo zodziyimira pawokha kudzakhudza bwanji ntchito zamanyanja?