Imikhumbi ezimele: Ukukhuphuka kwe-virtual mariner.

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• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• Mashi 15, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Ikusasa lemikhumbi libheke ekuzishayeleni, imikhumbi enamandla ye-AI, ngemizamo eyenziwayo yokwakha izinhlaka zomthetho kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvumela ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Le mikhumbi ezimele ithembisa ukuguqula imisebenzi yokuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke, yehlise izindleko, ithuthukise ukuphepha, futhi yenze nemisebenzi yasolwandle ihehe kakhulu esizukulwaneni esisha. Kusukela ekuthuthukiseni ukubhekwa kwasolwandle kuya ekwehliseni umthelela kwezemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqaliswa kwemikhumbi ezimele yethula ushintsho oluyinkimbinkimbi nokho oluthembisayo endleleni izimpahla ezithuthwa ngayo emhlabeni jikelele.

Imikhumbi ezenzakalelayo umongo

Imizamo iyenziwa yokwakha imikhumbi ezishayelayo, esebenza ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), kuyilapho kuvela uhlaka olusemthethweni lokuyivumela ukuthi isebenze ngokuphepha nangokusemthethweni emanzini omhlaba. Imikhumbi yeziqukathi ezizimele iyimikhumbi engenakusebenza ehambisa iziqukathi noma inqwaba yempahla emanzini okuhamba kuzona ngokuhlangana okuncane noma okungekho nhlobo komuntu. Amasu ahlukahlukene namazinga okuzimela angafezwa ngokuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kokuqapha nokulawula kude kusuka emkhunjini oseduze onabantu, isikhungo sokulawula ugu, noma ubuhlakani bokwenziwa nokufunda ngomshini. Umgomo oyinhloko uwukwenza umkhumbi ngokwawo ukwazi ukukhetha indlela efanele yokwenza, ukunciphisa ingozi yamaphutha abantu futhi okungenzeka kube ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha zasolwandle.

Ngokuvamile, imikhumbi ezimele yazo zonke izinhlobo isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana naleyo esetshenziswa ezimotweni ezizishayelayo kanye nama-autopilot. Izinzwa ziqoqa idatha zisebenzisa amakhamera we-infrared ne-spectrum ebonakalayo, ahambisana ne-radar, i-sonar, i-lidar, i-GPS, ne-AIS, ehlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile ngezinjongo zokuzulazula. Enye idatha, efana nolwazi lwesimo sezulu, ukuzulazula kolwandle olujulile, kanye nezinhlelo zethrafikhi ezivela ezindaweni ezisogwini, kungasiza umkhumbi ekushadini umzila ophephile. Idatha kamuva ihlaziywa amasistimu e-AI, kungaba emkhunjini noma endaweni ekude, ukuze kunconywe indlela engcono kakhulu nephethini yesinqumo, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhumbi usebenza ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.

Ohulumeni nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenzela ukwenza imithethonqubo eqinisekisa ukuthi le mikhumbi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha nezemvelo. Izinkampani zomshwalense, amafemu emikhumbi, nabathuthukisi bezobuchwepheshe bayasebenzisana ukuze baqonde ubungozi nezinzuzo zalo mkhuba kwezokuthutha zasolwandle. Ngokuhlangene, le mizamo ibumba ikusasa lapho imikhumbi ezimele ingase ibe yinto evamile olwandle lwethu, iguqule indlela izimpahla ezithuthwa ngayo emhlabeni jikelele.

Umthelela ophazamisayo 

Imikhumbi emikhulu ezimele inamandla okushintsha ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi ngokukhuphula ukusebenza kahle, ukwehlisa izindleko, kanye nokunciphisa amaphutha abantu, konke lokhu kuncishiswa izindleko kulo lonke uchungechunge lokulethwa kwempahla olwandle. Le mikhumbi iphinde ibe namandla okudambisa ukushoda kwezisebenzi, ithuthukise ukuphepha, futhi yehlise nokulimala kwemvelo. Ngaphandle kwezinselelo ezinjengokwethembeka, imithetho engacacile, izinkinga zesikweletu, kanye nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okungenzeka kube khona, imikhumbi ezimele ingase ibe yinto evamile ngeminyaka yawo-2040. Kodwa-ke, inhloso yalesi sikhathi esimaphakathi nethemu ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ze-AI ezizosekela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo ngemikhumbi eyenziwe ngabantu.

Ushintsho olusuka ekubeni neqembu ukuya ekubeni nochwepheshe abasemhlabeni baphathe imikhumbi bekude kungenzeka luguqule ukusebenza kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele. Lolu shintsho lungaholela ekuveleni kwezinsizakalo ezintsha, izimakethe ze-inthanethi zokulethwa kwempahla olwandle, izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuhlanganisa imikhumbi kanye nokuqashisa, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobunye ubuchwepheshe obuwusizo. Ukushintshela ekulawuleni kude kungase futhi kunikeze amandla ukuqapha nokulungiswa kwesikhathi sangempela, kuthuthukise ukusabela kokuthunyelwa kwezidingo zemakethe nezehlakalo ezingalindelekile ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu noma ukungezwani kwezwe.

Ukusebenza okukude nokuzimela kungase kusize ukudluliswa kwemisebenzi edinga imfundo ephakeme kanye namakhono kumachweba okushaya ucingo noma izikhungo zokusebenza ezisekelwe emhlabathini, okwenza imisebenzi yasolwandle ikhange nakakhulu kubantu abasha abangena kulo mkhakha. Lo mkhuba ungase uholele ekucabangeni kabusha kwemfundo yasolwandle, kugxilwe kwezobuchwepheshe nokusebenza kude. Kungase futhi kuvule amathuba okubambisana phakathi kwezinkampani zemikhumbi nezikhungo zemfundo, kukhuthaze isizukulwane esisha sochwepheshe basolwandle. 

Imithelela yemikhumbi ezimele

Imithelela ebanzi yemikhumbi ezimele ingafaka:

• Izinkundla zempahla ezifinyeleleka kalula, ezivumela ukuqhathaniswa kwezinsizakalo zokuthutha nezintengo.
• Ukusiza ngemisebenzi Yosesho Nokuhlenga (ukuphendula amasiginali we-SOS ngokuzenzakalela ngomzila oseduze womakhelwane).
• Ukushaja izimo zolwandle ezifana nemibiko yesimo sezulu kanye nezilinganiso zolwandle.
• Ukugada olwandle okuthuthukisiwe nokuphepha emngceleni.
• Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza, futhi kwandise ukusebenza kahle ngenkathi kunciphisa imiphumela yokuthutha endaweni ezungezile.
• Kwehliswe ukukhishwa kwe-nitrogen oxide ne-carbon dioxide ngokunciphisa ezokuthutha zomgwaqo.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma ucabangela ukuthi ama-AI-systems angaqondiswa ukuhlasela kwe-cyberattacks, ucabanga ukuthi imikhumbi ezimele imele usongo ekuphepheni olwandle?
• Ucabanga ukuthi ukunyuka kwemikhumbi ezimele kuzoyithinta kanjani imisebenzi yamatilosi?