Lipalangoang tsa libese tsa sechaba ka motlakase: Bokamoso ba lipalangoang tsa sechaba tse se nang carbon le tse tšoarellang

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• February 9, 2022

Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

Libese tsa motlakase li fana ka tharollo e tšepisang ea lipalangoang tsa sechaba tse tsitsitseng, ho sa tsotellehe litšenyehelo tsa pele le mathata a theknoloji. Libese tsena ha li fokotse lerata le tšilafalo ea moea feela, li ntlafatsa maemo a bophelo ba litoropong, empa hape li fana ka litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo e bonolo. Phetoho e lebisang ho libese tsa motlakase e ka khothaletsa tlhahiso ea mesebetsi, ea susumetsa moralo oa litoropo, le ho khothaletsa mebuso ho ts'ehetsa matla a ka nchafatsoang, ho etsa hore litoropo li khahle haholoanyane le ho khothaletsa tikoloho e phetseng hantle.

Boemo ba libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase

Libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase li ka ba le karabo ho lipalangoang tsa sechaba tse se nang mosi le tse tšoarellang. Phetoho ea libese tsa diesel ho ea libese tsa motlakase e bone kholo e kholo ka keketseho ea thekiso ea libese tsa motlakase lefatšeng ka bophara ea karolo ea 32 lekholong ho 2018. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa libese tsa motlakase, mathata a ntseng a eketseha a theknoloji, hammoho le liteishene tse theko e boima, li ntse li ka sitisa. ho amoheloa ha bona lefatšeng ka bophara. 

Libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase li tšoana le libese tsa diesel le diesel-hybrid ntle le hore libese tsa motlakase li tsamaisa karolo ea 100 lekholong ka motlakase o fanoang ke libeteri tse ka har'a sekepe. Ho fapana le libese tse tsamaeang ka diesel, libese tsa motlakase li hlahisa lerata le fokolang, ho sisinyeha ho fokolang le mosi oa marang-rang. Ho feta moo, libese tsa motlakase li na le litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa ts'ebetso ka nako e telele, 'me li-engines tsa tsona tse lokiselitsoeng ho bonolo ho li boloka.

Libese tsa motlakase li qalile ho amoheloa ka bongata Chaena lilemong tsa bo-2010, empa li bone ho amoheloa ho hoholo libakeng tse ling tsa lefats'e ho kenyeletsoa US le Europe. Ho tloha ka 2020, libese tsa motlakase tse fetang 425,000 li ntse li sebelisoa, e leng karolo ea 17 lekholong ea libese tsohle tsa lefatše. 

Tšusumetso e senyang

Libese tsa motlakase, ho sa tsotellehe litšenyehelo tsa bona tsa pele tse phahameng, li fana ka monyetla oa nako e telele oa moruo bakeng sa mekhoa ea lipalangoang tsa sechaba. Litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo e bonolo ea likoloi tsena li ka etsa hore ho bolokoe haholo ka nako. Mohlala, ho ba sieo ha litsamaiso tsa mosi le lienjine tse rarahaneng ho fokotsa tlhokeho ea ho fana ka litšebeletso khafetsa le ho nchafatsa likarolo tse ling. 

Phetoho ea libese tsa motlakase e boetse e fana ka monyetla bakeng sa litoropo ho ntlafatsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba. Libese tsa diesel, leha e le karolo e nyane feela ea likepe tsa likoloi tsa lefatše, li kenya letsoho haholo tšilafalong ea moea oa litoropo. Tšilafalo ena e ka lebisa mathateng a sa tšoaneng a bophelo bo botle har’a baahi ba litoropong, ho akarelletsa le mathata a ho hema le mafu a pelo le methapo.

Bakeng sa mebuso le lik'hamphani, phetoho ea libese tsa motlakase e ka tsosa kholo ea moruo le tlhahiso ea mesebetsi. Tlhahiso ea libese tsa motlakase le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja li ka theha liindasteri tse ncha le menyetla ea mesebetsi. Ho feta moo, lik'hamphani tse etsang libese tsa motlakase kapa tse fanang ka lisebelisoa bakeng sa tsona li ka rua molemo tlhokahalong e ntseng e eketseha. Mebuso e ka sebelisa phetoho ena e le monyetla oa ho finyella lipakane tsa tikoloho le ho bontša boetapele mekhoeng e tsitsitseng. Phetoho ena e ka boela ea etsa hore ho be le boikemelo bo eketsehileng ba matla, kaha metse e meholo e itšetlehile haholo ka libeso tse tsoang linaheng tse ling le ho feta motlakase o hlahisoang naheng.

Liphello tsa libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase li ka kenyelletsa:

• Boiketlo bo ntseng bo hola le ho rata likoloi tsa motlakase har'a sechaba se sebelisang lipalangoang tsa libese tsa sechaba le tsa likoetliso.
• Phetoho e potlakileng e lebisang ho noto ea likhase lefapheng la lipalangoang. 
• Phokotso ea likarolo le lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea likoloi tse kholoanyane kaha likoloi tsa motlakase li na le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ts'ebetso le litlhoko tsa tlhokomelo.
• Tekolobotjha ya melao ya meralo ya diteropo, e tlisang ditoropo tse etelletsang pele dipalangwa tse hlwekileng le meaho e loketseng baeti ho feta meralo e bohareng ba koloi.
• Menyetla e mecha ea mesebetsi ea ho etsa likoloi tsa motlakase, ho kenya seteishene sa ho tjhaja, le tlhahiso ea matla a ka nchafatsoang.
• Mebuso e hlahloba bocha maano a eona a matla, e leng se lebisang ho tšehetso e kholoanyane bakeng sa mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang le ho fokotseha ha ho itšetleha ka libeso tsa khale.
• Batho ba bangata ba khethang ho lula litoropong tse fanang ka lipalangoang tsa sechaba tse hloekileng le tse sebetsang hantle.
• Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea betri le lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja, tse lebisang ntlafatsong ea mefuta le katleho ea likoloi tsa motlakase.
• Phokotso ea tšilafalo ea lerata libakeng tsa litoropo, e bakang tikoloho e khutsitseng le e monate ea bolulo bakeng sa baahi ba litoropo.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• Mokhoa o motle oa ho tloha libese tsa diesel ho ea libese tsa sechaba tsa motlakase ke ofe?
• Ho tla nka nako e kae hore libese tsa motlakase li kenye karolo ea 50 lekholong ea likoloi tsohle tsa libese tsa US?