Lipampiri tsa Pandora: Na ho lutla ho hoholo ha lebopo ho ka lebisa phetohong e tšoarellang?

• Author:
• Lebitso la sengoli

  Quantumrun Ponelopele
• June 16, 2022

Kakaretso ea kutloisiso

Lipampiri tsa Pandora li tlositse lesira la lefats'e la lekunutu la litšebelisano tsa lichelete tsa kantle ho naha, tse amang sehlopha se fapaneng sa baetapele ba lefats'e le liofisiri tsa sechaba. Litšenolo li ekelitse lipuisano tse matla mabapi le ho se lekane ha meputso le mekhoa e metle ea lichelete, e leng se ileng sa etsa hore ho be le liphetoho tsa taolo. Har'a mokokotlo oa likoluoa ​​​​tsa lefats'e joalo ka seoa sa COVID-19, ho lutla ho ka lebisa litlhokong tse thata tsa boitelo bakeng sa litsebi lekaleng la lichelete le ho khothaletsa litharollo tse ncha tsa dijithale ho bona ho qhekelloa ha chelete le ho qoba lekhetho.

Taba ea pampiri ea Pandora

Lipampiri tsa Pandora tsa 2021 li sebelitse e le karolo ea morao-rao letotong la ho lutla ho hoholo ha lichelete tsa kantle ho naha, ho latela Lipampiri tsa Panama ka 2016 le Paradise Papers ka 2017. E lokollotsoe ka Mphalane 2021 ke Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Baqolotsi ba Lipatlisiso (ICIJ) oa Washington-based. Pandora Papers e na le lifaele tse limilione tse 11.9. Lifaele tsena e ne e se litokomane tse iketsahallang feela; e ne e le lirekoto tse hlophisitsoeng ka hloko ho tsoa ho lik'hamphani tse 14 tsa kantle ho naha tse sebetsanang le ho theha lifeme tsa likhetla. Morero oa mantlha oa lifeme tsena tsa likhetla ke ho pata thepa ea bareki ba bona ba ruileng haholo, ho ba sireletsa ka nepo hore ba se hlahlojoe ke sechaba, 'me maemong a mang, litlamo tsa molao.

Lipampiri tsa Pandora ha lia ka tsa khetholla batho bao li neng li ba pepesa. Phatlalatso ena e ile ea ama batho ba bangata, ho kopanyelletsa le baeta-pele ba lefatše ba 35 ba hona joale le ba mehleng, bo-ralipolotiki le ba boholong ba fetang 330 ba tsoang linaheng le libakeng tse fapaneng tse 91. Lethathamo lena le bile le atolohela ho baphaphathehi le batho ba ahloletsoeng litlolo tsa molao tse tebileng joalo ka polao. E le ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho tšepahala ha tlhahisoleseding, ICIJ e ile ea sebelisana le sehlopha se seholo sa baqolotsi ba litaba ba 600 ba tsoang liphatlalatso tsa 150 lefatšeng ka bophara. Baqolotsi bana ba litaba ba ile ba etsa lipatlisiso tse tebileng mabapi le lifaele tse lutiloeng, ba li hokahanya le mehloli e meng e tšepahalang pele ba phatlalatsa seo ba se fumaneng.

Litlamorao tsa sechaba tsa Pandora Papers li fihlile hole. Taba ea pele, ho lutla ho matlafalitse phehisano e ntseng e tsoela pele mabapi le ho se lekane ha meputso le boikarabelo ba boitšoaro ba barui. E boetse e hlahisa lipotso mabapi le karolo ea litsamaiso tsa lichelete tsa mose ho maoatle ho ntšetseng pele ho se lekane le ho nolofalletsang mesebetsi e seng molaong. Lik'hamphani li ka 'na tsa hloka ho hlahloba bocha mekhoa ea tsona ea lichelete ho netefatsa hore li na le ponaletso le boitšoaro, ha mebuso e ka 'na ea nahana ka ho fetola melao le melaoana ea lekhetho ho koala likheo tse lumellang ho boloka lekunutu le joalo la lichelete.

Tšusumetso e senyang

Ho lutla hona ho ka ba kotsi haholo ho bo-ralipolotiki ba batlang likhetho tse ncha. Mohlala ke Andrej Babiš, tona-khōlō ea mehleng ea Czech Republic. O ile a tobana le lipotso mabapi le hore na ke hobaneng ha k'hamphani ea matsete a kantle ho naha e ile ea fumana chateau ea hae ea USD $22 milione molemong oa hae nakong eo baahi ba Czech ba neng ba mamella litšenyehelo tse ntseng li phahama tsa ho iphelisa.  

Ho pata thepa le chelete ka lik'hamphani tse kantle ho naha tse lulang libakeng tsa lekhetho joalo ka Switzerland, Lihlekehleke tsa Cayman le Singapore ke mokhoa o tsebahalang. ICIJ e hakanya hore chelete ea mose ho maoatle e lulang libakeng tsa lekhetho e tloha ho USD $5.6 trillion ho isa ho $32 trillion. Ho feta moo, lekhetho la boleng ba liranta tse libilione tsa USD $600 le lahleha selemo se seng le se seng ka batho ba ruileng ba behang leruo la bona lik'hamphaning tsa likhetla tse kantle ho naha. 

Patlisiso e etsahetse nakong ea seoa sa COVID-19 ha mebuso e nka likalimo ho reka liente bakeng sa baahi ba eona mme e hlahisa khothatso ea lichelete ho ts'ehetsa moruo oa bona, e leng litšenyehelo tse fetisetsoang ho sechaba ka kakaretso. E le ho arabela phuputsong ena, baetsi ba molao ho Congress ea United States ba ile ba hlahisa bili e bitsoang ENABLERS Act ka 2021. Molao ona o ne o tla hloka hore babuelli ba molao, baeletsi ba lichelete le bo-ramatsete, har'a ba bang, ba etse ka hloko ho bareki ba bona ka tsela eo libanka li e etsang.

Litlamorao tsa ho lutla ha lekhetho la kantle ho naha

Litlamorao tse pharalletseng tsa ho lutla ha lekhetho la kantle ho naha (joalo ka lipampiri tsa Pandora) tse phatlalatsoang li ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho ntse ho sisingoa melaoana e meng ho thibela bosholu ba chelete kantle ho naha le ho qoba lekhetho.
• Litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa molao le tsa lichelete ho lifeme tsa litšebeletso tsa lichelete tse amehang mererong ena ea ho qoba lekhetho. Ho feta moo, indasteri ea litšebeletso tsa lichelete e ka 'na ea ipelaetsa khahlanong le molao o thata ka ho fetesisa oa ho qhekella chelete le ho qoba lekhetho ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea lichelete le kotsi ea molao.
• Likhamphani tse kantle ho naha li fetisetsa liakhaonto tsa tsona ho lik'hamphani tse ling tse kantle ho naha ho qoba ho bonoa.  
• Baqolotsi ba litaba le bosholu ba baitseki ba tla sebelisana le ho feta ho senya litaba tse tebileng tse amanang le ho lutla ha lisebelisoa tse bobebe.
• Lits'ebetso tse ncha tsa fintech li ntse li khothaletsoa ho theha litharollo tsa dijithale tse ka thusang lifeme le mekhatlo ea litšebeletso tsa lichelete ho lemoha mesebetsi e qhekellang ea chelete le ho qoba lekhetho hamolemo.
• Bo-ralipolotiki le baetapele ba lefats'e ba jereng litlamorao tse joalo, joalo ka tšenyo e kholo ea botumo, holim'a mekhatlo ea lichelete, e ka amang tsela eo melaoana e fetisitsoeng ka eona.

Lipotso tse lokelang ho nahanoa

• U nahana'ng ka ho lutla ha lichelete tsa mofuta ona ho tla ata khafetsa?
• Ke melaoana efe e meng eo u nahanang hore e ea hlokahala ho etsa li-account tsa mapolesa a kantle ho naha?