Misonkho ya kachulukidwe m'malo mwa msonkho wa katundu ndikuthetsa kusokonekera: Future of Cities P5

Anthu ena amaganiza kuti kukonzanso msonkho wa katundu ndi nkhani yotopetsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mungakhale olondola. Koma osati lero. Zatsopano zamisonkho zomwe tikhala tikukambirana pansipa zisungunula mathalauza anu. Chifukwa chake konzekerani, chifukwa mwatsala pang'ono kulowamo!

Vuto la msonkho wa katundu

Misonkho ya katundu m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi imayikidwa m'njira yosavuta: msonkho wamba pa malo onse okhala ndi malonda, wosinthidwa chaka ndi chaka chifukwa cha kukwera kwa mitengo, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuchulukitsa ndi mtengo wa msika wa katundu. Nthawi zambiri, misonkho yamakono imagwira ntchito bwino ndipo ndi yosavuta kumva. Koma ngakhale misonkho yanyumba imakwanitsa kubweretsa ndalama zoyambira manispala wawo, iwo amalephera kulimbikitsa kukula bwino kwa mzinda.

Ndipo kuchita bwino kumatanthauza chiyani munkhaniyi?

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kusamala

Tsopano, izi zitha kusokoneza nthenga zina, koma ndizotsika mtengo komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri kuti boma lanu lisamalire zomangamanga ndikupereka chithandizo kwa anthu omwe amakhala m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri kuposa momwe amachitira anthu omwe akufalikira kudera laling'ono, lakumidzi. kapena kumidzi. Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani za zomangamanga zonse za m’tauni zimene zimafunika kuti anthu 1,000 azigwiritsa ntchito m’mizinda itatu kapena inayi m’malo mwa anthu 1,000 okhala m’nyumba imodzi.

Pankhani yaumwini, ganizirani izi: ndalama zochulukirapo za msonkho wa feduro, chigawo/boma ndi ma municipalities zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira chithandizo chadzidzidzi kwa anthu okhala kumidzi kapena madera akutali a mzinda, kusiyana ndi anthu ambiri. kukhala m’mizinda. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa mkangano kapena mpikisano womwe anthu a m'tauni amakhala nawo ndi anthu omwe amakhala kumidzi, chifukwa ena amaona kuti si bwino kuti anthu okhala mumzinda azipereka ndalama zothandizira anthu omwe amakhala m'midzi yakutali kapena kumidzi yakutali.

M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amakhala m'nyumba zokhala ndi mabanja ambiri amalipira avareji 18 peresenti yowonjezera pamisonkho kuposa omwe akukhala m'nyumba za banja limodzi.

Kubweretsa misonkho yotengera kachulukidwe kanyumba

Pali njira yolemberanso misonkho ya katundu m'njira yomwe imalimbikitsa kukula kosatha kwa tawuni kapena mzinda, kubweretsa chilungamo kwa onse okhometsa msonkho, komanso kuthandiza chilengedwe. Mwachidule, ndi kudzera mu kachulukidwe kachulukidwe katundu msonkho dongosolo.

Msonkho wa kachulukidwe wa katundu umapereka chilimbikitso chandalama kwa anthu omwe amasankha kukhala m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri. Umu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito:

Khonsolo ya tawuni kapena tauni imasankha kuchuluka kwa anthu komwe kumakondedwa mkati mwa kilomita imodzi mbali imodzi mkati mwa malire ake - izi tidzazitcha kuti mabakiti apamwamba kwambiri. Magulu apamwambawa amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kukongola kwa mzindawu, zomangamanga zomwe zilipo kale, komanso moyo womwe anthu okhalamo amakonda. Mwachitsanzo, malo apamwamba ku New York atha kukhala anthu 25-30,000 pa lalikulu kilomita imodzi (kutengera kalembera wake wa 2000), pomwe mzinda ngati Roma - komwe ma skyscracks akuluakulu sangawonekere - 2-3,000 akhoza kupanga. zambiri.

Kaya kachulukidwe kake kamakhala kotani, munthu wokhala mumzinda yemwe amakhala mnyumba kapena nyumba momwe kuchulukana kwa anthu pa kilomita imodzi kuzungulira nyumba yawo kumakumana kapena kupitilira mabatani apamwamba amatha kulipira msonkho wotsikirapo, mwina ngakhale osalipira. msonkho wa katundu konse.

Mukakhala kunja kwa kachulukidwe kawo komwe mumakhala (kapena kunja kwa mzinda / tawuni), msonkho wanu wanyumba umakwera kwambiri. Monga momwe mungaganizire, izi zidzafunika makhonsolo amizinda kuti asankhe kuchuluka kwa mabatani ang'onoang'ono komanso kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe komwe kuli mkati mwa bulaketi iliyonse. Komabe, izi zidzakhala zisankho zandale komanso zachuma zapadera pazosowa za mzinda / tawuni iliyonse.

Ubwino wamisonkho yotengera kachulukidwe ka katundu

Maboma a mizinda ndi matauni, omanga nyumba, mabizinesi, ndi anthu okhala m'matauni onse adzapindula ndi kachulukidwe kamakamaka komwe tafotokoza pamwambapa m'njira zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa. Tiyeni tione chilichonse.

Nzika

Dongosolo latsopanoli lamisonkho likayamba kugwira ntchito, omwe akukhala m'mizinda yawo/matawuni awona kukwera kwamitengo yawo. Sikuti kukwera kumeneku kudzangowonjezera kutsatsa kochulukira kuchokera kwa opanga akuluakulu, komanso ndalama zamisonkho zomwe nzikazi zimalandira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuyika ndalama momwe zingafunire.

Pakalipano, kwa iwo okhala kunja kwa mabakiti apamwamba kwambiri - omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'midzi yapakati ndi kutali - adzawona kukwera kwa msonkho wa katundu wawo, komanso kutsika pang'ono kwa mtengo wa katundu wawo. Gawo ili la anthu ligawanika m'njira zitatu:

A 1% apitilizabe kukhala m'matauni awo okhazikika, apamwamba, chifukwa chuma chawo chidzachepetsa kukwera kwawo kwa misonkho komanso kuyandikira kwawo kwa anthu olemera ena kudzasunga mitengo yawo. Gulu lapamwamba lapakati omwe angakwanitse kugula bwalo lalikulu lakumbuyo koma omwe angazindikire kuluma kwa misonkho yayikulu nawonso amakakamira ku moyo wawo wakumidzi koma adzakhala olimbikitsa kwambiri motsutsana ndi dongosolo latsopano la msonkho wa katundu. Pomaliza, akatswiri achichepere ndi mabanja achichepere omwe nthawi zambiri amapanga theka lapakati apakati ayamba kufunafuna nyumba zotsika mtengo pakati pa mzindawu.

Business

Ngakhale sizinafotokozedwe pamwambapa, mabatani a kachulukidwe azigwiranso ntchito ku nyumba zamalonda. Pazaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zapitazi, mabungwe akuluakulu ambiri asuntha maofesi awo ndi malo opangira zinthu kunja kwa mizinda kuti achepetse ndalama za msonkho wa katundu. Kusinthaku ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakokera anthu kutuluka m'mizinda, zomwe zikupangitsa kukula kosalekeza kwa chilengedwe kuwononga kufalikira. Dongosolo la msonkho wa kachulukidwe wa katundu lidzasintha izi.

Mabizinesi tsopano awona chilimbikitso chandalama kuti asamuke pafupi kapena mkati mwa mzinda/tauni, osati kungochepetsa misonkho yanyumba. Masiku ano, mabizinesi ambiri amavutika kuti alembe antchito aluso azaka chikwi, chifukwa sikuti ambiri alibe chidwi ndi moyo wakumidzi, koma anthu ambiri akusiya kukhala ndi galimoto. Kusamuka kufupi ndi mzinda kumawonjezera talente yomwe ali nayo, zomwe zimatsogolera kubizinesi yatsopano ndi mwayi wokulirapo. Komanso, pamene mabizinesi akuluakulu amayang'ana pafupi wina ndi mzake, padzakhala mipata yambiri yogulitsa, maubwenzi apadera komanso pollination ya malingaliro (ofanana ndi Silicon Valley).

Kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono (monga sitolo ndi opereka chithandizo), dongosolo la msonkho ili ngati chilimbikitso chandalama kuti chipambane. Ngati muli ndi bizinesi yomwe imafuna malo pansi (monga mashopu ogulitsa), mumalimbikitsidwa kuti musamukire kumadera omwe makasitomala ambiri amakopeka kuti asamukire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu aziyenda kwambiri. Ngati ndinu opereka chithandizo (monga ntchito yoperekera zakudya kapena yobweretsera), kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi ndi anthu kukulolani kuti muchepetse nthawi / ndalama zanu zoyendera ndikuthandiza anthu ambiri patsiku.

kutukula

Kwa omanga nyumba, misonkho iyi ikhala ngati ndalama zosindikizira. Pamene anthu ambiri akulimbikitsidwa kugula kapena kubwereka pakati pa mzinda, makhansala a mzindawo akakamizidwa kuti avomereze zilolezo zomanga nyumba zatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezera ndalama zomanga zatsopano kudzakhala kosavuta chifukwa kufunikira kowonjezereka kupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kugulitsa mayunitsi ntchito yomanga isanayambe.

(Inde, ndikuzindikira kuti izi zitha kuyambitsa kuwira kwa nyumba pakanthawi kochepa, koma mitengo ya nyumba idzakhazikika pakadutsa zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu pamene kuperekedwa kwa mayunitsi omanga kumayamba kufanana ndi kufunikira. Izi ndi zoona makamaka umisiri watsopano womanga womwe wafotokozedwa mu mutu wachitatu za mndandandawu zidafika pamsika, kulola omanga kumanga nyumba m'miyezi m'malo mwa zaka.)

Phindu lina la dongosolo la msonkho la kachulukidwe kameneka ndiloti likhoza kulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga nyumba zatsopano zapakhomo. Magawo oterowo achoka m'mafashoni m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, popeza mabanja adasamukira kumadera otsika mtengo, ndikusiya mizindayo kukhala malo ochitira masewera achichepere ndi osakwatiwa. Koma ndi dongosolo la misonkho latsopanoli, ndi kuloŵererapo kwa malamulo ena ofunikira, olingalira zamtsogolo, kudzakhala kotheka kupanga mizinda kukhala yokongolanso kwa mabanja.

Maboma

Kwa maboma am'matauni, njira yamisonkho iyi idzakhala chithandizo chanthawi yayitali ku chuma chawo. Idzakopa anthu ambiri, chitukuko cha nyumba zambiri, ndi mabizinesi ochulukirapo kuti akhazikitse malo ogulitsira m'malire amizinda yawo. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa anthu kumeneku kudzawonjezera ndalama za mizinda, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito za mzindawo, ndi kumasula ndalama zothandizira ntchito zachitukuko zatsopano.

Kwa maboma a zigawo/boma ndi feduro, kuchirikiza misonkho yatsopanoyi kudzathandizira kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni m'dziko mwa kuchepetsa kufalikira kosakhazikika. Kwenikweni, msonkho watsopanowu udzalola kuti maboma athane ndi kusintha kwanyengo mwa kungotembenuza lamulo lamisonkho ndikulola njira zachilengedwe za capitalism kuti zigwiritse ntchito matsenga awo. Izi ndi (mwa zina) msonkho wochirikiza bizinesi, wochirikiza chuma chakusintha kwanyengo.

(Komanso, werengani malingaliro athu kusintha msonkho wamalonda ndi msonkho wa carbon.)

Momwe misonkho ya kachulukidwe ingakhudzire moyo wanu

Ngati mudapitako ku New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, kapena mizinda ina iliyonse yotchuka, yomwe ili ndi anthu ambiri padziko lapansi, ndiye kuti mukanakumana ndi chisangalalo komanso chikhalidwe chambiri chomwe amapereka. Ndi zachibadwa—anthu ochulukirachulukira mdera lawo amatanthauza kulumikizana kwambiri, zosankha zambiri, ndi mwayi wochulukirapo. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simuli olemera, kukhala m'mizindayi kumakupatsirani zambiri zomwe simungakhale nazo m'dera lakutali. (Kupatulapo koyenera ndi moyo wakumidzi womwe umapereka moyo wolemera kwambiri kuposa mizinda yomwe ingakhale ndi moyo wolemera komanso wosangalatsa.)

Dziko lili kale pakupanga mizinda, kotero dongosolo la misonkholi lidzangowonjezera ndondomekoyi. Misonkho ya kachulukidwe iyi ikayamba kugwira ntchito pakadutsa zaka makumi angapo, anthu ambiri amasamukira kumizinda, ndipo ambiri awona mizinda yawo ikukula kwambiri komanso zovuta zachikhalidwe. Ziwonetsero zatsopano za chikhalidwe, zojambulajambula, masitayelo a nyimbo, ndi mitundu yamalingaliro idzawonekera. Lidzakhala dziko latsopano m'lingaliro lenileni la mawuwo.

Masiku oyambirira a kukhazikitsa

Chifukwa chake chinyengo ndi kachulukidwe misonkho iyi ndikukhazikitsa. Kusintha kuchoka panyumba kupita ku dongosolo lamisonkho yotengera kachulukidwe kanyumba kuyenera kusinthidwa pakadutsa zaka zingapo.

Vuto lalikulu loyamba pakusintha kumeneku ndikuti kukhala m'midzi yakumidzi kumakwera mtengo, kumapangitsa kuti anthu azithamangira kumudzi. Ndipo ngati pali kusowa kwa nyumba kuti zikwaniritse kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi komweku, ndiye kuti ndalama zilizonse zomwe zasungidwa kuchokera kumisonkho yotsika zidzathetsedwa ndi lendi yokwera kapena mitengo yanyumba.

Kuti athane ndi izi, mizinda kapena matauni omwe akuganizira zosamukira ku dongosolo la misonkho akuyenera kukonzekera kuchuluka kwa misonkho povomereza zilolezo zomanga kuti pakhale mipanda yatsopano, yopangidwa mokhazikika komanso madera okhala. Ayenera kudutsa malamulo owonetsetsa kuti gawo lalikulu lazinthu zonse zatsopano za condo ndi za banja (m'malo mwa bachelor kapena chipinda chogona chimodzi) kuti athe kusamalira mabanja omwe akubwerera mumzinda. Ndipo akuyenera kupereka chilimbikitso chakuya chamisonkho kuti mabizinesi abwerere mkatikati mwa mzindawo, msonkho watsopano usanakhazikitsidwe, kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu kulowa mkatikati mwa mzinda kusasinthe kukhala kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kunja kwa mzindawu. citycore kupita kumalo ogwirira ntchito akumidzi.

Vuto lachiwiri ndikuvotera dongosolo lino. Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amakhala m'mizinda, ambiri mwa anthuwa akukhalabe m'midzi ya m'midzi, ndipo sadzakhala ndi ndalama zokwanira zovota pamisonkho yomwe idzakweze misonkho. Koma pamene mizinda ndi matauni padziko lonse lapansi akuchulukirachulukira, chiŵerengero cha anthu okhala m’matauni posachedwapa chidzaposa midzi yapafupi. Izi zithandizira mphamvu zovota kwa anthu akumatauni, omwe adzakhala ndi mwayi wovota m'njira yomwe imawapatsa mpumulo wamisonkho ndikuthetsa ndalama zothandizira anthu akumidzi omwe amapereka kuti athandizire moyo wakumidzi.

Vuto lalikulu lomaliza ndikutsata ziwerengero za anthu pafupifupi nthawi yeniyeni kuti muwerengere bwino misonkho yanyumba yomwe aliyense akuyenera kulipira. Ngakhale izi zitha kukhala zovuta masiku ano, dziko lalikulu lazambiri lomwe tikulowa lipangitsa kuti kusonkhanitsa ndi kufinya izi kukhala kosavuta komanso kotsika mtengo kuti ma municipalities aziwongolera. Deta iyi ndi yomwenso oyesa katundu amtsogolo adzagwiritsa ntchito kuwunika bwino kuchuluka kwa katundu.

Pazonse, ndi misonkho ya kachulukidwe ka katundu, mizinda ndi matauni adzawona pang'onopang'ono ndalama zawo zogwirira ntchito zikucheperachepera chaka ndi chaka, kumasula ndi kubweretsa ndalama zambiri zothandizira anthu amderali ndi ndalama zazikuluzikulu zazikuluzikulu - kupangitsa mizinda yawo kukhala malo okongola kwambiri kwa anthu. kukhala, kugwira ntchito ndi kusewera.

Tsogolo lamizinda

Tsogolo lathu ndi lamatawuni: Tsogolo la Mizinda P1

Kukonzekera mizinda yayikulu mawa: Future of Cities P2

Mitengo ya nyumba ikugwa pamene kusindikiza kwa 3D ndi maglevs akusintha zomangamanga: Tsogolo la Mizinda P3    

Momwe magalimoto opanda dalaivala adzasinthiranso mizinda yayikulu mawa: Tsogolo la Mizinda P4

Infrastructure 3.0, kumanganso mizinda ikuluikulu ya mawa: Tsogolo la Mizinda P6