Intela efunwa kakhulu: Izinselelo zokukhokhisa umnotho ofunekayo

• About the Author:
• Igama lomlobi

  I-Quantumrun Foresight
• December 8, 2022

Isifinyezo sokuqonda

Umnotho odingeka kakhulu—ohlanganisa abasebenzi bamagigi kanye nokukhiqiza kanye nezinsizakalo ezifunwayo (isb, i-Uber ne-Airbnb)—uthole ukwamukelwa kwemakethe okumangalisayo, ikakhulukazi kusukela kwaqala ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19. Njengoba lo mkhakha uqhubeka nokukhula, ayanda amathuba nezinselelo zokuwukhokhisa intela. Imithelela yesikhathi eside yalo mkhuba ingase ihlanganise amazinga entela yomhlaba wonke kanye nocwaningo olwengeziwe ngobuchwepheshe bentela obuzenzakalelayo.

Umongo wentela ofunekayo

I-Intuit Tax & Financial Centre iveze ukuthi ngo-2021, isibalo sabantu abasebenza imisebenzi efunwayo safinyelela ezigidini ezingu-9.2 uma siqhathaniswa nezigidi ezingu-7.7 ngo-2020. umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele ngoba abakwazanga ukuthola umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele ofanelekayo. Kodwa-ke, iningi libonise ukuthi linqume ukujoyina umnotho we-gig ngoba lifuna ukulawula izimpilo zabo zobungcweti futhi bahlukanise imali yabo.

Njengoba kulindelekile, intela yalo mkhakha ingaba yinkinga, njengoba iningi labasebenzi be-gig kufanele lifake izintela ngokuzimela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi amaningi ahlinzeka ngamasevisi awo uma efunwa ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izindleko zebhizinisi kanye nezomuntu siqu ndawonye ku-akhawunti eyodwa yasebhange, okungabangela ukudideka lapho eqonda izibopho zentela.

Enye inselele yentela imboni yokukhiqiza ishintshela kumodeli yebhizinisi elifuneka kakhulu, engalandeli indlela yokukhiqiza ewumugqa ovamile. I-Industrial 4.0 (inkathi entsha yamabhizinisi enziwe ngedijithali) iklomelisa amabhizinisi ahlinzeka ngezimpahla ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwedatha mayelana nezintandokazi zamakhasimende, ukuziphatha, namathrendi. Ukwengeza, inkimbinkimbi nokuhlukana kunyukile ku-supply chain, ukukhiqizwa, kanye nesidingo; izimpahla zingatholakala kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene, ukuthunyelwa kungavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, futhi ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo kulindelekile ngokwandayo ezingeni lendawo noma lomuntu ngamunye.

Njengoba izinhlelo zishintsha ngomzuzu wokugcina, izinkampani zingase zingazi njalo imithombo yazo yabathengisi kusenesikhathi. Angakhethwa ohlwini olusemazweni ahlukene futhi angaphansi kwemithetho yentela engaqondile ehlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okunye ukuthengiselana nokugeleza kwezimpahla kungase kube nentela yempahla kanti okunye kukhululiwe.

Umthelela ophazamisayo

Umbuzo omkhulu obuzwayo mayelana nezinkampani ezifunwa kakhulu njenge-Uber ne-Airbnb ukuthi uma ukuthengisa abakwenzayo kungaphansi kwentela, njengentela yokuthengisa, intela yendawo yokuhlala, noma intela yamarisidi. Kuwubulungisa kuphela ezinkampanini zentela ezihlinzeka ngamasevisi afanayo kwezinye izinkampani esezivele zikhokhiswa intela, njengamatekisi namahhotela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukulondoloza izimali zomphakathi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha zamabhizinisi azibangeli ukwehla kwemali engenayo. Njengoba umnotho ushintsha ngokushesha, uhlelo lwentela kufanele luthuthuke kanye nalo. Ukwenza izintela zokusetshenziswa zibe zesimanjemanje kungase kudinge ukushintshwa kwezincazelo emithethweni ephelelwe yisikhathi, noma imithethonqubo eqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho ekhona iyasebenza emkhakheni ofunwa kakhulu.

Kubasebenzi be-gig, ubuchwepheshe bokuzenzela kanye nezinkundla kuzohamba ibanga elide ekwenzeni intela ibe lula ngokwenza yonke inqubo. Ngokuvamile, ukugcwalisa izintela njengomuntu oyedwa emazweni amaningi kungadinga umgcini wamabhuku, i-accountant, noma uchwepheshe wezentela, okungabiza kakhulu kwabazimele abasanda kuqala. 

Ekwenziweni okudingekayo, kunezinto ezimbili zokucatshangelwa kwentela. Eyokuqala intela eqondile, ehlanganisa ukunquma ukuthi inani eliyinhloko likuphi. Likuphi inani okufanele likhokhiswe intela njengoba amanethiwekhi okuhlinzeka ehlukaniswa, idatha iqoqwa emithonjeni eminingi, futhi kuthuthukiswa isofthiwe yokumbiwa kwedatha? Okunye okucatshangelwayo yintela engaqondile, ephathelene nokuphathwa kwabahlinzeki bempahla. Uma inkampani inabahlinzeki abaningi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezinemithetho yentela ehlukahlukene, kungaba inselele ukwazi ukuthi ubahlukanisela kanjani izintela. Futhi, izinkampani kufanele zenze izinqumo ezisheshayo mayelana nokuphathwa kwentela okungcono kakhulu ngoba imikhiqizo efunwa kakhulu yenziwa ngokushesha.

Imithelela yentela efunwayo

Imithelela ebanzi yentela efunwayo ingase ihlanganise: 

• Izinhlangano ezisebenzisana nohulumeni kanye nezinhlangano zezifunda ezithuthukisa izindinganiso zentela zomnotho odingeka kakhulu, okuhlanganisa izinhlawulo nezinkokhelo.
• Ubuchwepheshe obengeziwe bentela obuhloselwe ukuqondisa nokwenza inqubo yokufaka intela kubasebenzi bamagigi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kunganciphisa ukubalekela intela.
• Ohulumeni bafaka kudijithali izinhlelo zabo zentela ngokusebenzisa i-robotic process automation (RPA) ukuze benze imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo futhi bahlele inqubo yokuqoqa.
• Amathuba omsebenzi anyusiwe kubagcini bamabhuku ezimali kanye nabaxhumanisi bentela njengoba amabhizinisi amaningi nabantu ngabanye beshintshela kumodeli efunwa kakhulu.
• Amathuba okukhokhiswa intela kabili noma ukuhlukaniswa okungafanele kwezintela zokukhiqiza okudingekayo ngenxa yezinqubo zazo zokwahlukaniswa, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwemali engenayo.
• Ukwanda kwezicelo zeselula nezisekelwe kuwebhu zokuphathwa kwentela, okwenza ukuthobela kube lula kubo bobabili abahlinzeki besevisi nabasebenzisi.
• Ukuhlolwa kabusha kubakaki nezigaba zentela, okungase kuholele ekwakhiweni kwezigaba ezintsha zentela ezenzelwe izinzuzo zomnotho we-gig.
• Ukugxila okuthuthukisiwe ezivumelwaneni zentela zamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kubhekwane nezinsizakalo ezifunwayo eziwela imingcele, ezinomthelela ekuhwebeni komhlaba wonke nezinqubomgomo zezomnotho.

Imibuzo okufanele icatshangelwe

• Uma usebenzela umnotho ofunwa kakhulu, yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisayo ukuze ugcwalise izintela?
• Yiziphi ezinye izinselelo ezingaba khona zokuqoqa izintela emkhakheni odingeka kakhulu?