Rufewa a kan magani: Yin rigakafin cutar kansa ya fi tasiri
Rufewa a kan magani: Yin rigakafin cutar kansa ya fi tasiri
Idan maganin kansa fa shine tsarin garkuwar jikin ku? An yi bincike da yawa don tabbatar da hakan. Ana kiran maganin immunotherapy, inda ƙwayoyin T ɗinku suka canza ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta don gano ƙwayoyin kansa da lalata su.
Amma wannan maganin a halin yanzu yana da tsada sosai kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci, don haka bincike ya shiga yin rigakafin rigakafi mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci. A cikin a binciken da aka buga kwanan nan a cikin mujallar Kimiyya Translational Medicine, An bayar da rahoton cewa wani rukuni na masana kimiyya na Burtaniya sun "warkar da" jarirai biyu cutar sankarar bargo (ciwon daji na jini) ta amfani da immunotherapy. Ko da yake binciken yana da manyan iyakoki, Ya nuna yiwuwar mafita don yin aiki da kinks na jiyya ta amfani da a sabuwar dabarar gyara kwayoyin halitta mai suna TALENS.
Duban kusa da immunotherapy
CAR T cell far shine nau'in rigakafin rigakafi wanda ake la'akari da shi a cikin al'ummar kansa. Yana nufin chimeric antigen receptor T cell. Maganin ya ƙunshi cire wasu ƙwayoyin T (fararen jini waɗanda ke ganowa da kashe maharan) daga jinin majiyyaci. Waɗancan sel suna canza ta ta hanyar ƙara masu karɓa na musamman akan saman su da ake kira CARs. Sa'an nan kuma ana shigar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin jinin mara lafiya. Masu karɓa sai su nemi ƙwayoyin tumor, su haɗa su kuma su kashe su. Wannan magani yana aiki ne kawai a cikin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, kodayake wasu kamfanonin magunguna suna shirin samar da maganin a cikin shekara guda.
Wannan magani ya yi aiki da kyau tare da matasa masu cutar sankarar bargo. Gefen ƙasa? Yana da tsada kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci. Kowane saitin sel T da aka gyara yana buƙatar zama na musamman ga kowane majiyyaci. Wasu lokuta marasa lafiya ba su da isassun ƙwayoyin T masu lafiya don yin wannan damar farawa da su. Gene-editing yana magance wasu daga cikin waɗannan matsalolin.
Me ke faruwa?
Gyaran Halittu shine sarrafa kwayoyin halitta a cikin DNA na mutum. Binciken da aka yi a baya-bayan nan ya yi amfani da sabuwar dabarar gyara kwayoyin halitta mai suna TALENS. Wannan ya sa ƙwayoyin T su zama duniya, ma'ana ana iya amfani da su a kowane majiyyaci. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙwayoyin T da aka yi na al'ada, yin sel T na duniya yana rage lokaci da kuɗin da ake ɗauka don kula da marasa lafiya.
Haka kuma ana amfani da gyaran kwayoyin halitta don kawar da cikas da ke sa magungunan CAR T ba su da tasiri. Masu bincike a Jami'ar Pennsylvania a halin yanzu suna binciken hanyoyin amfani da dabarar gyara kwayoyin halitta CRISPR don gyara fitar da kwayoyin halitta guda biyu da ake kira masu hana binciken binciken da ke hana maganin CAR T daga aiki kamar yadda ya kamata. Gwajin mai zuwa zai yi amfani da marasa lafiya na ɗan adam.
