Kutsekereza chithandizo: Kupangitsa kuti chitetezo cha khansa chikhale chogwira ntchito

Nanga bwanji ngati mankhwala a khansa anali chitetezo chanu? Kafukufuku wambiri wachitika kuti izi zitheke. Mankhwalawa amatchedwa immunotherapy, komwe ma T cell anu amasinthidwa kuti azindikire maselo a khansa ndikuwawononga.

Koma mankhwalawa pakali pano ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri komanso amatenga nthawi, choncho kafukufuku wapanga kuti immunotherapy ikhale yofikirika komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Mu a kafukufuku waposachedwapa wofalitsidwa mu magazini Science Translational Medicine, gulu la asayansi a ku Britain akuti "linachiritsa" makanda aŵiri a khansa ya m'magazi (khansa ya magazi) pogwiritsa ntchito immunotherapy. Ngakhale phunziro latero zolepheretsa zazikulu, yawonetsa njira yothetsera vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito a njira yatsopano yosinthira majini yotchedwa TALENS.

Kuyang'ana mozama pa immunotherapy

Chithandizo cha cell CAR T ndi mtundu wa immunotherapy womwe ukuganiziridwa pagulu la khansa. Amayimira chimeric antigen receptor T cell. Thandizoli limaphatikizapo kuchotsa maselo ena a T (maselo oyera a magazi amene amazindikira ndi kupha olowa) m’mwazi wa wodwala. Maselo amenewo amasinthidwa chibadwa mwa kuwonjezera zolandilira zapadera pamwamba pawo zotchedwa CAR. Kenako maselowo amalowetsedwanso m’magazi a wodwalayo. Ma receptor ndiye amafunafuna maselo otupa, amawaphatikizira ndikuwapha. Chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito m'mayesero azachipatala, ngakhale makampani ena opanga mankhwala akukonzekera kuti mankhwalawa apezeke pakatha chaka chimodzi.

Mankhwalawa agwira ntchito bwino ndi odwala khansa ya m'magazi achichepere. Mbali ya pansi? Ndizokwera mtengo komanso zimawononga nthawi. Seti iliyonse ya maselo a T osinthidwa amafunika kupangidwira wodwala aliyense. Nthawi zina odwala alibe ma T cell okwanira kuti izi zitheke poyambira. Kusintha kwa ma gene kumathetsa ena mwa mavutowa.

Chatsopano ndi chiyani?

Kusintha kwa majini ndiko kusintha kwa majini mu DNA ya munthu. Kafukufuku waposachedwa adagwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yosinthira majini yotchedwa TALENS. Izi zimapangitsa ma T cell kukhala achilengedwe chonse, kutanthauza kuti atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa wodwala aliyense. Poyerekeza ndi maselo a T opangidwa mwachizolowezi, kupanga maselo a T a chilengedwe chonse kumachepetsa nthawi ndi ndalama zomwe zimafunika kuchiza odwala.

Kusintha kwa ma gene kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchotsa zopinga zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo cha cell cha CAR T chisagwire ntchito. Ofufuza ku yunivesite ya Pennsylvania pakali pano akufufuza njira zogwiritsira ntchito njira yosinthira ma gene CRISPR kusintha majini awiri otchedwa checkpoint inhibitors omwe amalepheretsa CAR T cell therapy kuti igwire ntchito momwe iyenera kukhalira. Chiyeso chomwe chikubwerachi chidzagwiritsa ntchito odwala aumunthu.