Sabon kayan aikin ƙona mai

Calories ko da yaushe ana zargi don sanya tufafinmu su fi ƙarfin kuma yanke shawarar abincinmu mai sauri; sun zama abokan gaba a gidan motsa jiki. Koyaya, kimiyya na iya dawo da martabar adadin kuzari a nan gaba. Masu bincike a Cibiyar Ciwon daji ta Dana-Farber da Jami'ar California, Berkeley, sun lura da kwayoyin halitta da za su iya ƙone calories kuma suna fitar da su a matsayin zafi maimakon adana su a matsayin mai don amfani da su daga baya.

Wani enzyme a cikin sel na berayen, PM20D1, a ƙarshe ya tara isa ya sa amino acid, N-acyl, don yin a cikin jiki. N-acyl, lokacin da yake cikin matakai na rayuwa, yana buƙatar ɗaukar glucose a ciki, amma baya samar da adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP yawanci ana adana shi azaman tushen ga kwayoyin halitta don samun kuzari.

A cikin yanayin waɗannan sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta, rashin ATP yana haifar da ƙwayoyin da ke buƙatar samun makamashi da sauri daga wani tushe daban. Kwayoyin Brown, ko sel masu launin duhu saboda yalwar mitochondria, sune takamaiman nau'in sel waɗanda suka dauki hankalin Dana-Farber da UC, Berkeley, masana kimiyya. Tun da waɗannan ƙwayoyin launin ruwan kasa ba su da ATP, an gane su don ikon ƙona calories daga mai da farko, don samun damar samun makamashi da sauri don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Yayin da ake ƙone kitsen, ana fitar da zafi a matsayin abin sharar gida kuma ba a adana shi a cikin jiki don amfani daga baya. Kamar yadda sel launin ruwan kasa ke buƙatar samun kuzari koyaushe, amma ba sa kera ATP, dole ne sel su dogara da kitse a matsayin hanyar farko don samun kuzari cikin sauri. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da mai da wuri, jiki ba shi da damar riƙe shi na gaba.

Hakan ya ɗauki kuzari mai yawa don bayyanawa. Labari mai dadi shine zamu iya danganta shi da rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun. Lokacin da muke ci da narkar da taliya, alal misali, jikinmu yana neman kuzarin da zai yi amfani da shi a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Tun da carbohydrates (a cikin taliya) sune mafi sauƙi ga jiki don rushewa, sun zama hanya mafi dacewa da sha'awar jikinmu don samun makamashi. Hakazalika, sel masu N-acyl sun dogara da ƙona adadin kuzari daga mai a matsayin hanya mafi sauri, mafi inganci don samun kuzari lokacin da ATP ba ya nan.