Ithuluzi elisha kakhulu lokushiswa kwamafutha

Amakhalori ahlala esolwa ngokwenza izingubo zethu ziqine futhi izinqumo zethu zokudla okusheshayo zibe nesisindo; sebephenduke izitha zethu ejimini. Nokho, isayensi ingase ikwazi ukubuyisela idumela lamakhalori esikhathini esizayo. Abacwaningi kuzo zombili i-Dana-Farber Cancer Institute kanye naseYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley, baye baqaphela amangqamuzana angakwazi ukushisa ama-calories futhi awakhiphe njengokushisa esikhundleni sokuwagcina njengamafutha ukuze asetshenziswe kamuva.

I-enzyme emangqamuzaneni amagundane, i-PM20D1, ekugcineni iqoqana ngokwanele ukuze yenze i-amino acid, i-N-acyl, yenziwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni. I-N-acyl, lapho ikhona ezinqubweni ze-metabolic, idinga ukuthi i-glucose ithathwe, kodwa ayikhiqizi i-adenosine triphosphate (ATP). I-ATP ivamise ukugcinwa njengomthombo wento ephilayo ukuze ifinyelele amandla.

Endabeni yalawa maseli amasha, ukungabikho kwe-ATP kuholela kumaseli adinga ukuthola amandla ngokushesha emthonjeni ohlukile. Amaseli ansundu, noma amaseli anombala omnyama ngenxa yobuningi be-mitochondria, ayizinhlobo ezithile zamaseli adonse ukunaka kososayensi be-Dana-Farber kanye no-UC, Berkeley. Njengoba la maseli ansundu engenayo i-ATP, aqashelwa ngamandla awo okushisa ama-calories kumafutha kuqala, ukuze afinyelele ngokushesha amandla ezinqubo ze-metabolic. Ngenkathi amafutha eshiswa, ukushisa kukhishwa njengemfucuza futhi akugcinwa emzimbeni ukuze kusetshenziswe kamuva. Njengoba amangqamuzana ansundu ehlala edinga ukufinyelela amandla, kodwa engakhiqizi i-ATP, amaseli kufanele athembele emafutheni njengendlela eyinhloko yokuthola amandla ngokushesha. Uma amafutha esetshenziswa ngokushesha, umzimba awunalo ithuba lokuwagcina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lokho kwakudinga amandla amakhulu ukuchaza. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi singakwazi ukukuhlobanisa empilweni yethu yansuku zonke. Uma sidla futhi sigaya i-pasta, isibonelo, imizimba yethu ifuna amandla ongawasebenzisa ezinqubweni zethu ze-metabolic. Njengoba ama-carbohydrate (ku-pasta) kuyiwo alula kakhulu ukuba umzimba uwaphule, aba indlela elula nekhangayo kakhulu yokuba imizimba yethu ithole amandla. Ngokufanayo, amaseli ane-N-acyl athembele ekushiseni amakholori kumafutha njengendlela eshesha kakhulu, esebenza kahle kakhulu yokuthola amandla uma i-ATP ingekho.